“…Individual anatomy, anthropometry, and barbell placement all contribute to the resulting movement patterns during different barbell squat techniques. Although the deliberate restriction of AKD can reduce the torque on the knees, traditional recommendations of AKD result in altered knee and hip coordination [7], with a stronger upper body inclination [2,8,9], enhanced trunk flexion in the thoracic and lumbar spine [10], and consequently, disproportionately high forces transferred towards the hip joints and lower back. Additionally, most athletes employing various barbell squat techniques cannot prevent AKD when using a moderate foot stance, which is indicated by an outward-directed foot angle of roughly 20 • , with the toes pointed laterally in conjunction with a shoulder-width stance [7,9,11,12].…”