The Geology of the Florida Land-Pebble Phosphate Deposits

Cathcart, James Bachelder; Blade, Lawrence Vernon; Davidson, D. F.; Ketner, Keith B.

doi:10.3133/ofr5334

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The regional distribution of the deposits has been correlated with both tectonic and sedimentary features. Within any given formation, the deposits are most prominent in areas where channel deposits are well sorted, but are intertongued or interbedded with mudstones (Craig and others, 1951;D. F. Davidson, 1953;Mullens and Freeman, 1954), or are near the margins of deposition of the formation (Mullens, TEI-390, p. 23;Finch, 1953).…”

Section: Colorado Plateaumentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of uranium deposits

McKelvey¹,

Everhart²,

Garrels³

1955

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Uranium is concentrated in certain silicic and silica-alkalic igneous rocks, pegmatites, veins, lenticular sandstones and conglomerates, low-rank high-ash coals, asphaltic materials, marine black shales, and phosphorites. Its distribution in igneous rocks, pegmatites, and veins shows its tendency to concentrate in late stage differentiates. In the granitic rocks, uranium occurs mainly as a minor constituent of accessory minerals that have cations (such as rare earths, thorium, and calcium) for which uranium can substitute isomorphously, but it also occurs as an acid-soluble interstitial constituent; In pegmatites, uranium occurs both in uraninite and in other uranium minerals in combination with niobium, thorium, and rare earths.Uranium is found in both high temperature veins, where it is mainly in the titanium minerals,davidite and. brannerite, and low temperature veins, where it is nearly always in pitchblende, the botryoidal variety of uraninite, although the mineral coffinitfc-: is being found in increasing amounts. The low temperature veins are of several overlapping types, but all are characterized by sulfides and many contain disseminated iron oxide. Whereas thorium is associated with uranium in igneous rocks and pegmatites, it is rare in the +4 vein deposits of uranium. This separation may be accomplished by oxidation of U at a late magmaticin which form it is carried away from the unoxidizable Th . Subsequently (UO2) is reduced and deposited as pitchblende along with sulfides and other low-valent minerals in veins.The sandstone uranium deposits resemble the pitchblende veins in their mineralogic assemblage except that many of the sandstone deposits also contain vanadium, a metal not abundant in veins.

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Section: Colorado Plateaumentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of uranium deposits

McKelvey¹,

Everhart²,

Garrels³

1955

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“…5, p. 79-89) reported that both U30s and fluorine are now being recovered from acid plants and sold as commercial by-products of phosphate production; and that 150,000 tons of recoverable U30s are included in the U.S. Bureau of Mines, 1973, estimated 1.2 billion tons of phosphate rock reserves in the central Florida Bone Valley Formation phosphate area. References: Altschuler, Jaffe, and Cuttitta, 1956;Cathcart, 1956Cathcart, , 1963Cathcart and others, 1953;Dennison and Wheeler, 1975;Engineering and Mining Journal, 1976, v. 177, no. 5, p. 79-89. symbol:…”

Section: Dcmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principal uranium deposits of the world

Byers¹

1978

Open-File Report

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World nonbauxite aluminum resources excluding alunite

Hosterman¹,

Patterson²,

Good³

1990

Professional Paper

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The nonbauxite resources having the best potential for extraction of aluminum are alunite, high-alumina clay, and aluminous igneous rocks; those having less potential are dawsonite-bearing rocks, aluminous phosphate rocks, saprolite, aluminous metamorphic rocks, aluminous shale, coal waste, and coal ash. With the exception of alunite, which was discussed in the separately published Chapter A of this Profes sional Paper, all these resources are discussed in this report. The high-alumina clays are composed of minerals of the kaolin group-kaolinite, halloysite, dickite, and nacrite. Kaolinite is by far the most abundant, and it is the major component in a variety of highalumina clays. High-alumina clays have a maximum alumina content of about 39 weight percent. However, no large deposits are pure, and most high-alumina clay deposits are 25-35 weight percent alumina. Igneous rocks exceptionally rich in alumina include anorthosite, nepheline syenite, phonolite, and leucite-bearing volcanic rocks. U.S. anorthosite contains 24-33 weight percent alumina, U.S. nepheline syenite contains 17-23 weight percent alumina, and Italian leucitebearing rocks contain 20-22 weight percent alumina. The mineral dawsonite, which contains 35.4 weight percent alumina, occurs in oil shale but makes up no more than 12-25 weight percent of the rock. Therefore, any aluminum production from dawsonite must depend upon other products from the shale such as oil and soda ash derived from nahcolite. The aluminous phosphate rock associated with phosphate deposits is the result of calcium phosphate being leached by meteoric waters. The alumina content of such phosphate rock in the United States ranges from about 6 to 15 weight percent, and the aluminum phosphate minerals make up 20-30 weight percent of the rock. Any aluminum production from this rock will depend on the recovery of other products such as phosphate and uranium. The Thies region, Senegal, is the only place in the world where significant tonnages of aluminum phosphate are mined. Saprolite is a decomposed rock formed in place by subaerial chemical weathering of any kind of rock; it retains the original structure and texture of the parent rock. Some saprolite is similar in chemical and mineral composition to high-alumina clay, and some saprolite contains gibbsite replacing kaolinite. Generally, saprolite that is a potential resource of alumina contains 20-38 weight percent alumina. Aluminous metamorphic rocks contain the minerals kyanite, sillimanite, andalusite, topaz, or dumortierite. These minerals contain 55-64 Manuscript approved for publication, November 3, 1989. weight percent alumina. Aluminous metamorphic rocks may contain as much as 40 weight percent kyanite-group minerals, but generally they contain less than 15 weight percent. Aluminous shales are sedimentary rocks formed by the consolidation of clay-and silt-sized material. Almost all shales contain some quartz and the clay minerals illite, kaolinite, and (or) smectite. The alumina content of shale that is a potential resource...

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The Geology of the Florida Land-Pebble Phosphate Deposits

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Origin of uranium deposits

Origin of uranium deposits

Principal uranium deposits of the world

World nonbauxite aluminum resources excluding alunite

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