The geology and mineralisation at the Golden Pride gold deposit, Nzega Greenstone Belt, Tanzania

Vos, Ivo Maria Antoine; Bierlein, Frank P; Standing, J; Davidson, Garry J.

doi:10.1007/s00126-009-0245-3

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A similar relative timing relationship of deformation structures, intrusions, and gold mineralization also exists in other parts of the Tanzania Craton ( [72][73][74]; for example, in the Golden Pride deposit in the Nzega Greenstone Belt (Figure 1), mineralization was introduced along a crustal scale shear zone during late-stage reactivation, and accompanied by the intrusion of lamprophyre and quartz porphyry dykes. Mineralization was concentrated along late cross-cutting fractures near redox fronts provided by BIFs [74].…”

Section: Controls On Gold Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Thus, whilst the ore-body geometries are entirely controlled by deformational geometries and lithological distributions that formed during the second stage (i.e.,~2700-2665 Ma) evolution of the GGB, the actual mineralizing events probably occurred later, when fluids, possibly linked to a deeper igneous source, moved into the dilatant zones during extension [9,24,25]. A similar relative timing relationship of deformation structures, intrusions, and gold mineralization also exists in other parts of the Tanzania Craton ( [72][73][74]; for example, in the Golden Pride deposit in the Nzega Greenstone Belt (Figure 1), mineralization was introduced along a crustal scale shear zone during late-stage reactivation, and accompanied by the intrusion of lamprophyre and quartz porphyry dykes. Mineralization was concentrated along late cross-cutting fractures near redox fronts provided by BIFs [74].…”

Section: Controls On Gold Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Archaean Gold Mineralization in an Extensional Setting: The Structural History of the Kukuluma and Matandani Deposits, Geita Greenstone Belt, Tanzania

Kwelwa¹,

Dirks

Sanislav

et al. 2018

Minerals

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Three major gold deposits, Matandani, Kukuluma, and Area 3, host several million ouncez (Moz) of gold, along a~5 km long, WNW trend in the E part of the Geita Greenstone Belt, NW Tanzania. The deposits are hosted in Archaean volcanoclastic sediment and intrusive diorite. The geological evolution of the deposits involved three separate stages: (1) an early stage of syn-sedimentary extensional deformation (D 1 ) around 2715 Ma; (2) a second stage involving overprinting ductile folding (D 2-4 ) and shearing (D 5-6 ) events during N-S compression between 2700 and 2665 Ma, coeval with the emplacement of the Kukuluma Intrusive Complex; and (3) a final stage of extensional deformation (D 7 ) accommodated by minor, broadly east-trending normal faults, preceded by the intrusion of felsic porphyritic dykes at~2650 Ma. The geometry of the ore bodies at Kukuluma and Matandani is controlled by the distribution of magnetite-rich meta-ironstone, near the margins of monzonite-diorite bodies of the Kukuluma Intrusive Complex. The lithological contacts acted as redox boundaries, where high-grade mineralization was enhanced in damage zones with higher permeability, including syn-D 3 hydrothermal breccia, D 2 -D 3 fold hinges, and D 6 shears. The actual mineralizing event was syn-D 7 , and occurred in an extensional setting that facilitated the infiltration of mineralizing fluids. Thus, whilst gold mineralization is late-tectonic, ore zone geometries are linked to older structures and lithological boundaries that formed before gold was introduced. The deformation-intrusive history of the Kukuluma and Matandani deposits is near identical to the geological history of the world-class Nyankanga and Geita Hill deposits in the central part of the Geita Greenstone Belt. This similarity suggests that the geological history of much of the greenstone belt is similar. All major gold deposits in the Geita Greenstone Belt lack close proximity to crustal-scale shear zones; they are associated with intrusive complexes and volcanics that formed in an oceanic plateau rather than subduction setting, and formed late-tectonically during an extensional phase. They are not characteristic of typical orogenic gold deposits.

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Section: Controls On Gold Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Controls On Gold Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaean Gold Mineralization in an Extensional Setting: The Structural History of the Kukuluma and Matandani Deposits, Geita Greenstone Belt, Tanzania

Kwelwa¹,

Dirks

Sanislav

et al. 2018

Minerals

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“…Few studies have been carried out in the Mara River Basin, in which the North Mara mines are located, but these studies give little emphasis to the subterranean hydrological features of the region (Mati et al ; Mango et al ). Not only has the Mara River Basin geology been understudied, but the whole Lake Victoria goldfields region is comparatively underexplored and poorly understood (Vos et al ). This greenstone belt is a granitic and cratonic setting, geologically similar to Archean provinces elsewhere (e.g., the Abitibi province in Quebec, Canada or the Yilgarn province in the Western part of Australia).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its sub‐terrain geological formation has the following characteristics: mainly felsic‐mafic volcanics mixed with sediments that are intercalated with granitoid‐gabbroic plutonic rocks (Figure c). In this region, mineralization occurs as diffused gold‐sulfide, with a sulfide portion of up to 3% (Vos et al ). The Mara region, and Tanzania in general, is underlain by complex fractured crystalline aquifers of varying composition and age (Kashaigili ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Distribution of Trace Elements in Groundwater from the North Mara Large‐Scale Gold Mining Area of Tanzania

Rwiza¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

2016

Groundwater Monitoring Rem

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The influence of large‐scale mining operations on groundwater quality was investigated in this study. Trace element concentrations in groundwater samples from the North Mara mining area of northern Tanzania were analyzed. Statistical analyses for relationships between elemental concentrations in the samples and distance of a sampling site from the mine tailings dam were also conducted. Eleven trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were determined, and averages of Fe and Al concentrations were higher than levels accepted by the Tanzanian drinking water guideline. Levels of Pb in three samples were higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) and United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) drinking water guidelines of 10 and 15 µg/L, respectively. One sample contained a higher As level than the WHO and USEPA guideline of 10 µg/L. The correlation between element concentrations and distance from the mine tailings dam was examined using the hierarchical agglomeration cluster analysis method. A significant difference in the elemental concentration existed depending on the distance from the mine tailings dam. Mann–Whitney U‐test post hoc analysis confirmed a relationship between element concentration and distance of a sampling site from the mine tailings dam. This relationship raises concerns about the increased risks of trace elements to people and ecosystem health. A metal pollution index also suggested a relationship between elemental concentrations in the groundwater and the sampling sites’ proximity from the mine tailings dam.

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“…The other one is E-W-trending system, which reflects the orientation of rocks, striking along the direction of metavolcanics and BIF (e.g. Vos et al, 2009).…”

Section: Structures and Geotectonicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of hydrothermal paleofluid pathways, the pathfinders in the exploration of mineral deposits: A case study from the Sukumaland Greenstone Belt, Lake Victoria Gold Field, Tanzania

Mshiu

Gläßer

Borg

2015

Advances in Space Research

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The geology and mineralisation at the Golden Pride gold deposit, Nzega Greenstone Belt, Tanzania

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Archaean Gold Mineralization in an Extensional Setting: The Structural History of the Kukuluma and Matandani Deposits, Geita Greenstone Belt, Tanzania

Archaean Gold Mineralization in an Extensional Setting: The Structural History of the Kukuluma and Matandani Deposits, Geita Greenstone Belt, Tanzania

Geochemical Distribution of Trace Elements in Groundwater from the North Mara Large‐Scale Gold Mining Area of Tanzania

Identification of hydrothermal paleofluid pathways, the pathfinders in the exploration of mineral deposits: A case study from the Sukumaland Greenstone Belt, Lake Victoria Gold Field, Tanzania

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