The Geochemistry of Amazonian Peats

Lawson, Ian T.; Jones, Timothy D.; Kelly, Thomas J.; Coronado, Eurídice N. Honorio; Roucoux, Katherine H.

doi:10.1007/s13157-014-0552-z

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…comm., 2012) is most common at flooded sites (Duivenvoorden, 1995). These palynological changes are therefore also consistent with a shift to wetter conditions, potentially a shorter or less severe dry season as peat accumulation rates are likely to respond more to dry season than wet season rainfall (Page et al, 2004;Kelly et al, 2014).…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Stratigraphic pollen analysis was used to establish the history of vegetation change, and pollen surface samples were used to assist interpretations. Geochemical analysis was used to reconstruct changes in the trophic status of the peat and other information about its development through time (Shotyk, 1996;Lähteenoja et al, 2009b, Lähteenoja andLawson et al, 2014). Additional palaeoenvironmental information was provided by loss-on-ignition (LOI) and magnetic susceptibility, and an age model was established by 14 C and 210 Pb dating.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If a river channel migrates closer to the centre of a peatland, it can increase the hydraulic gradient and cause increased drainage, and therefore a fall in lake level or peat water table (Anderson et al, 2003;Glaser et al, 2004). However, in a simulation of the effects of marginal drainage on the water table, using hydraulic conductivity values measured at San Jorge, Kelly et al, (2014) found that, even during a simulated 90-day drought, significant water loss from subsurface flow occurred only within c. 100 m of the peatland margin. As such, the river would have to have been close to the core point to have a significant effect on the water table.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 200 cal yr BP: the history of the present pole forest PMFB peatland pole forest has only been described at a limited number of sites, although a programme of ecological census is in progress (Kelly et al, 2014;Draper, 2015). The San Jorge pollen record provides the first long-term record of a PMFB peatland pole forest site.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The vegetation history of an Amazonian domed peatland

Kelly

Lawson

Roucoux

et al. 2017

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Section: Accepted M Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The vegetation history of an Amazonian domed peatland

Kelly

Lawson

Roucoux

et al. 2017

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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“…() and Lawson et al . () presented a detailed study of the palynology and geochemistry of a 6‐m core from the peatland, QT‐2010‐1, which will be discussed further below. Kelly et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Continuous human presence without extensive reductions in forest cover over the past 2500 years in an aseasonal Amazonian rainforest

Kelly

Lawson

Roucoux³

et al. 2018

J Quaternary Science

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The impact of pre‐Columbian indigenous communities on forest cover in Amazonia is highly contentious, particularly for the wettest forests. To contribute to this debate, we studied the vegetation and fire history of a site, Quistococha, which lies within the aseasonal forests of the northern Peruvian Amazon and is associated with independently dated pre‐Columbian and recent human occupation. Paired cores from swamp and lake environments were used to distinguish landscape‐scale changes in vegetation from local‐scale succession. An increased abundance of disturbance‐adapted taxa in the pollen record from the lake, but not swamp, since c. AD 1860 probably reflects extensive deforestation related to the expansion of the nearby city of Iquitos. However, previous persistent occupation of the site by pre‐Columbian indigenous communities, indicated by the charcoal record from the lake site, is not associated with evidence for similarly extensive disturbance of the landscape. The unique features of this site therefore demonstrate that occupation by indigenous communities over thousands of years was not associated with large‐scale deforestation. These results support an emerging model of persistent but localized impacts by pre‐Columbian indigenous communities on aseasonal Amazonian forests.

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Tropical peatland hydrology simulated with a global land surface model

Apers¹,

Lannoy²,

Baird³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Tropical peatlands are among the most carbon-dense ecosystems on Earth, and their water storage dynamics strongly control these carbon stocks. The hydrological functioning of tropical peatlands differs from that of northern peatlands, which has not yet been accounted for in global land surface models (LSMs). Here, we integrated tropical peat-specific hydrology modules into a global LSM for the first time, by utilizing the peatland-specific model structure adaptation (PEATCLSM) of the NASA Catchment Land Surface Model (CLSM). We developed literature-based parameter sets for natural (PEATCLSM Trop,Nat ) and drained (PEATCLSM Trop,Drain ) tropical peatlands. Simulations with PEATCLSM Trop,Nat were compared against those with the default CLSM version and the northern version of PEATCLSM (PEATCLSM North,Nat ) with tropical vegetation input. All simulations were forced with global meteorological reanalysis input data for the major tropical peatland regions in Central and South America, the Congo Basin, and Southeast Asia. The evaluation against a unique and extensive data set of in situ water level and eddy covariance-derived evapotranspiration showed an overall improvement in bias and correlation compared to the default CLSM version. Over Southeast Asia, an additional simulation with PEATCLSM Trop,Drain was run to address the large fraction of drained tropical peatlands in this region. PEATCLSM Trop,Drain outperformed CLSM, PEATCLSM North,Nat , and PEATCLSM Trop,Nat over drained sites. Despite the overall improvements of PEATCLSM Trop,Nat over CLSM, there are strong differences in performance between the three study regions. We attribute these performance differences to regional differences in accuracy of meteorological forcing data, and differences in peatland hydrologic response that are not yet captured by our model. Plain Language SummaryTropical peatlands are wetlands in which plant material accumulates under waterlogged conditions and develops into a dense organic soil layer. Disturbance of their selfregulating hydrology by external factors such as artificial drainage, land use change, and climate change can quickly convert these immense carbon stocks into strong sources of greenhouse gases. Including the hydrology of tropical peatlands into global Earth system models allows us to understand the impact of such external disturbances. We developed the first hydrology modules for natural and drained tropical peatlands to plug into the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System modeling framework. Our results display strong regional differences, and indicate that the accuracy of our model is limited by rainfall data quality and by our understanding of how peatland hydrology differs across the three regions that contain the major tropical peatland areas (Central and South America, the Congo Basin, and Southeast Asia). Nonetheless, simulations

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The Geochemistry of Amazonian Peats

Cited by 26 publications

References 58 publications

The vegetation history of an Amazonian domed peatland

The vegetation history of an Amazonian domed peatland

Continuous human presence without extensive reductions in forest cover over the past 2500 years in an aseasonal Amazonian rainforest

Tropical peatland hydrology simulated with a global land surface model

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