The Genus Parabacteroides Is a Potential Contributor to the Beneficial Effects of Truncal Vagotomy–Related Bariatric Surgery

Liang, Dong; Zhang, Xin; Liu, Zhaorui; Zheng, Rui; Zhang, Longjiang; Yu, Dong; Shen, Xiaojun

doi:10.1007/s11695-022-06017-9

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Particularly, the genus Vampirovibrio, which exhibited an upsurge in both egg-fed and egg FMT rodents, has been previously associated with metabolic enhancements across diverse studies. For instance, this genus was found to be heightened in the intestines of obese mice subjected to bariatric surgery and showcased an inverse correlation with body weight and fasting glycemic levels (Liang et al, 2022). Taking into account the findings of the present investigation alongside prior research, it can be surmised that the genus Vampirovibrio might harbor protective attributes against obesity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

The role of chicken eggs in modulating sarcopenic obesity and gut microbiota in db/db mice

Okamura,

Hasegawa,

Hamaguchi

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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BackgroundSarcopenia obesity, in which loss of muscle mass and fat accumulation occur simultaneously, is the pathological basis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The usefulness of chicken eggs in sarcopenia prevention has been reported in several previous studies. The purpose of this study was to determine the beneficial effects of chicken eggs in the prevention of sarcopenic obesity in db/db mice.MethodsWe raised 8-week-old db/db male mice, a model of sarcopenia obesity, for 8 weeks and fed them a diet mixed with dried whole eggs. The fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) group was treated with antibiotics for 2 weeks, starting at 6 weeks of age, followed by FMT twice a week until 16 weeks of age.ResultsEggs administered to db/db mice showed increased grip strength (p = 0.022) and muscle mass (p = 0.013), decreased visceral fat mass (p = 0.005), and significantly increased physical activity (p < 0.001). The FMT group of egg-fed mice showed a significant improvement in glucose intolerance and sarcopenic obesity. Sequencing of gene expression in the small intestine showed that the gene expression of amino acid transporters such as Slc6a18, Slc6a19, and Slc38a6 was increased in egg-fed mice. 16S rRNA sequencing of the gut microbiota showed an increase in the genus Vampirovibrio in both the egg-fed and FMT groups compared to that in egg-fed mice.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that egg consumption not only increases the intake of amino acids and other nutrients but also alters the intestinal microbiota and increases amino acid absorption from the intestinal tract, suggesting that eggs might contribute to the ameliorative mechanism of sarcopenic obesity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

The role of chicken eggs in modulating sarcopenic obesity and gut microbiota in db/db mice

Okamura,

Hasegawa,

Hamaguchi

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…This is not the first time that the Parabacteroides genus has been linked to body weight. The majority of studies denote a higher Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio and a generalized reduction in species variation in individuals with increased body weight or obesity [ 34 ], and different studies have found positive associations between genus and normal weight or weight loss in mice, as well as fat loss in humans [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. It is plausible that the corresponding SNPs are further linked to BMI through the genus’s role in gut production of bile acids and succinate, which have, in turn, been associated with reduction in body weight [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Bioinformatics Approaches Result in the First Polygenic Risk Score for BMI in Greek Adults

Kafyra

Kalafati

Dimitriou

et al. 2023

JPM

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Quantifying the role of genetics via construction of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) is deemed a resourceful tool to enable and promote effective obesity prevention strategies. The present paper proposes a novel methodology for PRS extraction and presents the first PRS for body mass index (BMI) in a Greek population. A novel pipeline for PRS derivation was used to analyze genetic data from a unified database of three cohorts of Greek adults. The pipeline spans various steps of the process, from iterative dataset splitting to training and test partitions, calculation of summary statistics and PRS extraction, up to PRS aggregation and stabilization, achieving higher evaluation metrics. Using data from 2185 participants, implementation of the pipeline enabled consecutive repetitions in splitting training and testing samples and resulted in a 343-single nucleotide polymorphism PRS yielding an R2 = 0.3241 (beta = 1.011, p-value = 4 × 10−193) for BMI. PRS-included variants displayed a variety of associations with known traits (i.e., blood cell count, gut microbiome, lifestyle parameters). The proposed methodology led to creation of the first-ever PRS for BMI in Greek adults and aims at promoting a facilitating approach to reliable PRS development and integration in healthcare practice.

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“…Although the vagus nerve is crucial in these mechanisms, certain microbiota-driven effects on weight loss post-bariatric surgery occur independently of the vagus nerve's participation. In particular, the genus Parabacteroides has been correlated with positive effects in post-surgical mice [66]. In a recent study, mice undergoing SG with truncal vagotomy had increased Eubacterium, Prevotella, and Parabacteroides that were correlated with enhanced weight loss, though Parabacteroides was exclusive to the subgroup that underwent SG with truncal vagotomy, which experienced greater weight loss compared to both the sham group and the group that had only SG [66].…”

Section: Bariatric Surgery Gut Microbiota Cytokines and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the genus Parabacteroides has been correlated with positive effects in post-surgical mice [66]. In a recent study, mice undergoing SG with truncal vagotomy had increased Eubacterium, Prevotella, and Parabacteroides that were correlated with enhanced weight loss, though Parabacteroides was exclusive to the subgroup that underwent SG with truncal vagotomy, which experienced greater weight loss compared to both the sham group and the group that had only SG [66]. Parabacteroides is known for its anti-obesity effects, although these benefits are primarily immunomodulatory and occur through the enhancement of the gut barrier [67].…”

Section: Bariatric Surgery Gut Microbiota Cytokines and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Bariatric Surgery on Gut Microbiota Composition and Its Implication on Brain and Peripheral Targets

Hamamah,

Hajnal,

Covasa

2024

Nutrients

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Obesity remains a significant global health challenge, with bariatric surgery remaining as one of the most effective treatments for severe obesity and its related comorbidities. This review highlights the multifaceted impact of bariatric surgery beyond mere physical restriction or nutrient malabsorption, underscoring the importance of the gut microbiome and neurohormonal signals in mediating the profound effects on weight loss and behavior modification. The various bariatric surgery procedures, such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG), act through distinct mechanisms to alter the gut microbiome, subsequently impacting metabolic health, energy balance, and food reward behaviors. Emerging evidence has shown that bariatric surgery induces profound changes in the composition of the gut microbiome, notably altering the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and enhancing populations of beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia. These microbiota shifts have far-reaching effects beyond gut health, influencing dopamine-mediated reward pathways in the brain and modulating the secretion and action of key gut hormones including ghrelin, leptin, GLP-1, PYY, and CCK. The resultant changes in dopamine signaling and hormone levels contribute to reduced hedonic eating, enhanced satiety, and improved metabolic outcomes. Further, post-bariatric surgical effects on satiation targets are in part mediated by metabolic byproducts of gut microbiota like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids, which play a pivotal role in modulating metabolism and energy expenditure and reducing obesity-associated inflammation, as well as influencing food reward pathways, potentially contributing to the regulation of body weight and reduction in hedonic eating behaviors. Overall, a better understanding of these mechanisms opens the door to developing non-surgical interventions that replicate the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery on the gut microbiome, dopamine signaling, and gut hormone regulation, offering new avenues for obesity treatment.

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The Genus Parabacteroides Is a Potential Contributor to the Beneficial Effects of Truncal Vagotomy–Related Bariatric Surgery

Cited by 3 publications

References 49 publications

The role of chicken eggs in modulating sarcopenic obesity and gut microbiota in db/db mice

The role of chicken eggs in modulating sarcopenic obesity and gut microbiota in db/db mice

Robust Bioinformatics Approaches Result in the First Polygenic Risk Score for BMI in Greek Adults

Influence of Bariatric Surgery on Gut Microbiota Composition and Its Implication on Brain and Peripheral Targets

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