“…Additionally, CCL3 and NF-KB1 have been implicated in the regulation of angiogenesis and inflammatory responses within the tumor microenvironment (14,15). Understanding the intricate relationship between calcium channel genes and these angiogenesis-related genes in colon cancer is vital for developing targeted therapies Another aspect of colon cancer pathogenesis involves the genetic mutations of key oncogenes, including KRAS (16), PI3KCA (17), and BRAF (18). Mutations in these genes can drive uncontrolled cell growth and survival, contributing to tumorigenesis (19).…”