The genome of the pseudo T-even bacteriophages, a diverse group that resembles T4

Monod, Caroline; Repoila, Francis; Kutateladze, Mzia; Tétart, Françoise; Krisch, Henry

doi:10.1006/jmbi.1996.0867

Cited by 107 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In fact, Sullivan et al (2008) recently provided ample evidence that phage portal proteins are not good predictors of a phage's host or habitat. The complexity of these processes is further confirmed by the finding that g20 is part of a region of the myoviral genome that is highly mobile and is therefore often transferred between viruses (Monod et al, 1997). Moreover, Short and Suttle (2005) have previously indicated a need for caution in attributing all g20 sequences to cyanophages.…”

Section: Cyanomyoviruses Environmental Conditions and Cyanobacterialmentioning

confidence: 87%

The diversity of cyanomyovirus populations along a North–South Atlantic Ocean transect

et al. 2011

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Viruses that infect the marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus have the potential to impact the growth, productivity, diversity and abundance of their hosts. In this study, changes in the microdiversity of cyanomyoviruses were investigated in 10 environmental samples taken along a North-South Atlantic Ocean transect using a myoviral-specific PCR-sequencing approach. Phylogenetic analyses of 630 viral g20 clones from this study, with 786 published g20 sequences, revealed that myoviral populations in the Atlantic Ocean had higher diversity than previously reported, with several novel putative g20 clades. Some of these clades were detected throughout the Atlantic Ocean. Multivariate statistical analyses did not reveal any significant correlations between myoviral diversity and environmental parameters, although myoviral diversity appeared to be lowest in samples collected from the north and south of the transect where Prochlorococcus diversity was also lowest. The results were correlated to the abundance and diversity of the co-occurring Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus populations, but revealed no significant correlations to either of the two potential host genera. This study provides evidence that cyanophages have extremely high and variable diversity and are distributed over large areas of the Atlantic Ocean.

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Section: Cyanomyoviruses Environmental Conditions and Cyanobacterialmentioning

confidence: 87%

The diversity of cyanomyovirus populations along a North–South Atlantic Ocean transect

et al. 2011

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“…This isolate was originally obtained from R. H. Epstein of the University of Geneva in Switzerland. Phage T4 stocks were prepared on Escherichia coli B E by using standard techniques for phage propagation (24).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oligonucleotides used to PCR amplify a Ϸ550-bp segment of gene (g)23 of S-PM2 were oMZIA1Bis (5Ј-GATATTTGIGGIGTTCAGCCIATGA-3Ј) and oMZIA6 (5Ј-CGCGGTTGATTTCCAGCATGATTTC-3Ј). Their sequences are based on the consensus of the g23 sequences in a number of T4 type phages (21,24,25). The oSPM23.2 (5Ј-AAGACCAT-GAATTGCCTTGAGGTC-3Ј) has a g23 sequence that was obtained from sequencing this PCR fragment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a cluster of phages termed the T-evens that are all closely related to T4, the type member of the Myoviridae. The second subgroup, which includes phages such as RB49 and -42, have previously been termed the pseudoT-evens (24). The third cluster includes Aeromonas phages and vibriophages such as nt-1, KVP20, and KVP40.…”

Section: Pulse-field Gel Electrophoresis Analysis Of Different Cyanopmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A conserved genetic module that encodes the major virion components in both the coliphage T4 and the marine cyanophage S-PM2

Hambly

Tétart

Desplats

et al. 2001

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

119

100

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Sequence analysis of a 10-kb region of the genome of the marine cyanomyovirus S-PM2 reveals a homology to coliphage T4 that extends as a contiguous block from gene (g)18 to g23. The order of the S-PM2 genes in this region is similar to that of T4, but there are insertions and deletions of small ORFs of unknown function. In T4, g18 codes for the tail sheath, g19, the tail tube, g20, the head portal protein, g21, the prohead core protein, g22, a scaffolding protein, and g23, the major capsid protein. Thus, the entire module that determines the structural components of the phage head and contractile tail is conserved between T4 and this cyanophage. The significant differences in the morphology of these phages must reflect the considerable divergence of the amino acid sequence of their homologous virion proteins, which uniformly exceeds 50%. We suggest that their enormous diversity in the sea could be a result of genetic shuffling between disparate phages mediated by such commonly shared modules. These conserved sequences could facilitate genetic exchange by providing partially homologous substrates for recombination between otherwise divergent phage genomes. Such a mechanism would thus expand the pool of phage genes accessible by recombination to all those phages that share common modules.

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“…This short peptide sequence was named the Gol peptide sequence, because it was first identified by mutations in gp23 that allow the phage to Grow On Litproducing bacteria (13). The Gol peptide sequence is highly conserved in the head protein of all T-even phages that have been characterized (14). It has been possible to reproduce the entire phage exclusion system in a purified three-component system containing EF-Tu, Lit protease, and a chemically synthesized 29-amino acid peptide representing the minimal gol region sequence.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Major Head Protein of Bacteriophage T4 Binds Specifically to Elongation Factor Tu

Bingham

Ekunwe

Falk

et al. 2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The Lit protease in Escherichia coli K-12 strains induces cell death in response to bacteriophage T4 infection by cleaving translation elongation factor (EF) Tu and shutting down translation. Suicide of the cell is timed to the appearance late in the maturation of the phage of a short peptide sequence in the major head protein, the Gol peptide, which activates proteolysis. In the present work we demonstrate that the Gol peptide binds specifically to domains II and III of EF-Tu, creating the unique substrate for the Lit protease, which then cleaves domain I, the guanine nucleotide binding domain. The conformation of EF-Tu is important for binding and Lit cleavage, because both are sensitive to the identity of the bound nucleotide, with GDP being preferred over GTP. We propose that association of the T4 coat protein with EF-Tu plays a role in phage head assembly but that this association marks infected cells for suicide when Lit is present. Based on these data and recent observations on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 maturation, we speculate that associations between host translation factors and coat proteins may be integral to viral assembly in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

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The genome of the pseudo T-even bacteriophages, a diverse group that resembles T4

Cited by 107 publications

References 37 publications

The diversity of cyanomyovirus populations along a North–South Atlantic Ocean transect

The diversity of cyanomyovirus populations along a North–South Atlantic Ocean transect

A conserved genetic module that encodes the major virion components in both the coliphage T4 and the marine cyanophage S-PM2

The Major Head Protein of Bacteriophage T4 Binds Specifically to Elongation Factor Tu

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