The genome of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida A449: insights into the evolution of a fish pathogen

Reith, Michael; Singh, R. K.; Curtis, Bruce A.; Boyd, Jessica M.; Bouevitch, Anne; Kimball, Jennifer; Munholland, Janet; Murphy, Colleen A.; Sarty, Darren; Williams, Jason; Nash, John H. E.; Johnson, Stewart C.; Brown, Laura L.

doi:10.1186/1471-2164-9-427

Cited by 255 publications

(326 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Five primers flanking the ''Miyata stretch'' were designed by aligning the relevant portion of the genome of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida strain A449 (nucleotide positions51,635,999-1,637,400; Reith et al 2008) with sequences generated using the Miyata primers (see below). Two forward primers (As-SLF1, 59-TAGCGACAGCTGA-GATGATT-39; As-SLF2, 59-TGCCAAGAGT-GAGAAAGAAA-39), located at nucleotide positions 1,635,999 and 1,636,036 of the A. salmonicida subsp.…”

Section: Molecular Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The entire genome of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida strain A449 (Reith et al 2008) was retrieved using BLASTN software from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI; Bethesda, Maryland, USA). Sequences from the four A. salmonicida sea lamprey isolates were aligned with the A. salmonicida subsp.…”

Section: Gene Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…salmonicida isolates using the Miyata primers with the whole genome of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida A449 (Accession CP0006444; Reith et al 2008) indicated that those primers amplify a partial stretch of a gene encoding for a protein of unknown function (nucleotide position 1,636,927 to 1,636,450; data not shown). In this study, the lack of amplification of As-SL1 using the widely used Miyata primers (Byers et al 2002) and the six combinations of primers flanking the Miyata stretch suggests one of three possibilities: First, if As-SL1 is indeed A. salmonicida subsp.…”

Section: Test Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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INFECTION OF SEA LAMPREY WITH AN UNUSUAL STRAIN OFAEROMONAS SALMONICIDA

Diamanka

Loch

Cipriano

et al. 2014

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:The invasion of the Laurentian Great Lakes by the fish-parasitic sea lamprey has led to catastrophic consequences, including the potential introduction of fish pathogens. Aeromonas salmonicida is a bacterial fish pathogen that causes devastating losses worldwide. Currently, there are five accepted subspecies of Aeromonas salmonicida: A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, masoucida, smithia, achromogenes, and pectinolytica. We discuss the discovery of an isolate of A. salmonicida that is pathogenic to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and exhibits unique phenotypic and molecular characteristics. We examined 181 adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) from the Humber River (Lake Ontario watershed) and 162 adult sea lamprey from Duffins Creek (Lake Ontario watershed) during the spring seasons of 2005-11. Among those, 4/343 (1.2%) sea lamprey were culture positive for A. salmonicida, whereby biochemical and molecular studies identified three of the isolates as A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida. The remaining isolate (As-SL1) recovered from Humber River sea lamprey was phenotypically more similar to A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida than to the four other A. salmonicida subspecies. However, unlike A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, As-SL1 was sucrose positive, produced an acid-over-acid reaction on triple-sugar iron medium and did not amplify with A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida specific primers. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial stretches of the 16S rRNA and DNA gyrase subunit B genes further confirmed that the As-SL1 isolate was not A. salmonicida subsp. masoucida, smithia, achromogenes, or pectinolytica. Based on our analyses, the As-SL1 isolate is either an unusual strain of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida or a novel A. salmonicida subspecies. The four A. salmonicida isolates that were recovered from sea lamprey were pathogenic to rainbow trout in experimental challenge studies. Our study also underscores the potential role of sea lamprey in the ecology of infectious fish diseases.

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Section: Molecular Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gene Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Test Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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INFECTION OF SEA LAMPREY WITH AN UNUSUAL STRAIN OFAEROMONAS SALMONICIDA

Diamanka

Loch

Cipriano

et al. 2014

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…This bacterium has a notable plasmidome involved in antibiotic resistance in several isolates (Adams et al, 1998;L'Abee-Lund & Sørum, 2002;Piotrowska & Popowska, 2015;Reith et al, 2008;Sørum et al, 2003;Vincent et al, 2014), leading to a bottleneck in the effectiveness of antibiotic treatments. More precisely, pAsa4 (166.7 kbp), pSN254b (152.2 kbp), pAB5S9b (25.5 kbp) and pAr-32 (~47 kb) are plasmids conferring resistance to chloramphenicol (CHL) in A. salmonicida subsp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More precisely, pAsa4 (166.7 kbp), pSN254b (152.2 kbp), pAB5S9b (25.5 kbp) and pAr-32 (~47 kb) are plasmids conferring resistance to chloramphenicol (CHL) in A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida (Aoki et al, 1986;Reith et al, 2008;Vincent et al, 2014). For both pSN254b and pAB5S9b, the resistance is due to the floR gene, which encodes an efflux pump (Vincent et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance due to an unusual ColE1-type replicon plasmid in Aeromonas salmonicida

et al. 2016

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Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida is a fish pathogen known to have a rich plasmidome. In the present study, we discovered an isolate of this bacterium bearing an additional unidentified small plasmid. After having sequenced the DNA of that isolate by nextgeneration sequencing, it appeared that the new small plasmid is a ColE1-type replicon plasmid, named here pAsa7. This plasmid bears a functional chloramphenicol-acetyltransferase-encoding gene (cat-pAsa7) previously unknown in A. salmonicida and responsible for resistance to chloramphenicol. A comparison of pAsa7 with pAsa2, the only known ColE1-type replicon plasmid usually found in A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, revealed that even if both plasmids share a high structural similarity, it is still unclear if pAsa7 is a derivative of pAsa2 since they showed several mutations at the nucleotide level. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the catpAsa4 gene, another chloramphenicol-acetyltransferase-encoding gene, found on the large plasmid pAsa4, was significantly more transcribed than cat-pAsa7. This was correlated with a higher chloramphenicol resistance for isolates bearing pAsa4 compared with the one having pAsa7. Finally, a phylogenetic analysis showed that both CAT-pAsa4 and CAT-pAsa7 proteins were in different clusters. The clustering was supported by the identity of residues involved in the catalytic site. In addition, to give a better understanding of the large drug-resistance panel of A.salmonicida, this study reinforces the hypothesis that A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida is a considerable reservoir for mobile genetic elements such as plasmids.

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The Application of Genomics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics to Studies of Fish Health

Johnson¹,

Brown²

2011

Aquaculture Biotechnology

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The genome of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida A449: insights into the evolution of a fish pathogen

Cited by 255 publications

References 91 publications

INFECTION OF SEA LAMPREY WITH AN UNUSUAL STRAIN OFAEROMONAS SALMONICIDA

INFECTION OF SEA LAMPREY WITH AN UNUSUAL STRAIN OFAEROMONAS SALMONICIDA

Antibiotic resistance due to an unusual ColE1-type replicon plasmid in Aeromonas salmonicida

The Application of Genomics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics to Studies of Fish Health

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