The Genetics of Learning Disabilities

This paper reviews the evidence that there are important genetic influences on developmental dyslexia, a disorder characterized by difficulty in learning to read despite adequate opportunity and intelligence. There is particular emphasis on the heritability of three major subtypes of dyslexia: (a) a subtype based on verbal/language deficiencies, perhaps reflecting reversed cerebral asymmetry; (b) a subtype based on visual/spatial deficiencies; and (c) a subtype based on both types of deficiencies. It is concluded that there is strong evidence for the heritability of the verbal/language subtype, but somewhat weaker evidence for the heritability of the other two subtypes mentioned. Further investigation into the genetics of dyslexia subtypes is necessary.

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The Familial Incidence of Symptoms of Scotopic Sensitivity/Irlen Syndrome

Robinson

Foreman

Dear

1996

Percept Mot Skills

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The familial incidence of Scotopic Sensitivity/Irlen Syndrome was investigated using parents of 751 children identified with symptoms. Children were identified by methods independent of their parents' symptoms or lack of symptoms. For these children, there was an 84% chance of either one or both parents showing similar symptoms, with similar numbers of mothers identified with symptoms as fathers. The data suggest that Scotopic Sensitivity/Irlen Syndrome may be a genetically based deficit in visual processing, but the simplest genetic models do not appear to fit.

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The Genetics of Learning Disabilities

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Reading disorders: Strategies for recognition and management

Reading disorders: Strategies for recognition and management

The genetic aspects of developmental dyslexia.

The Familial Incidence of Symptoms of Scotopic Sensitivity/Irlen Syndrome

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