The Genetics and Molecular Biology of the Synaptonemal Complex

Page, Scott L.; Hawley, R. Scott

doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.19.111301.155141

Cited by 645 publications

(778 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…However, the different protein components of the respective domains (LEs, TFs and CE) exhibit great primary amino acid sequence diversities (e.g. Page and Hawley 2004;Anderson et al 2005;Bogdanov et al 2007;Bolcun-Filas and Schimenti 2012). This lack of sequence identity 7 is surprising considering a single origin of meiosis in general and, in particular, the structural conservation of the SC.…”

Section: The Synaptonemal Complex (Sc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But despite these similarities, nearly all investigators stumbled across the fact that the proteins lack any detectable sequence homology and therefore any evolutionary relationship amongst the different taxa (e.g. Page and Hawley 2004;Anderson et al 2005;Bogdanov et al 2007;Bolcun-Filas and Schimenti 2012). Maybe coming along with this, the principles regulating the formation of synapsis are also quite different in mouse, flies and nematodes.…”

Section: Caenorhabditis Elegansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarities or differences to flies or nematodes will be considered at each step if corresponding data are available (Page and Hawley 2004;). …”

Section: The Function Of Sc Components and Their Assembly To A Mature Scmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HTP-3, therefore, seems to function as a key regulator for the assembly of the AEs recruiting cohesin and non-cohesin proteins to the chromosome axes. In Drosophila, the ORD protein is essential for wild-type SC morphology but also for the stable association of cohesins with the chromosomes (Page and Hawley 2004;Webber et al 2004).…”

Section: First Step: the Assembly Of The Chromosomal Axes And The Aximentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The synthesis depending strand annealing model, SDSA, leads to non-cross-over. homologous recombination (Page and Hawley 2003;Page and Hawley 2004) as will be described in the following paragraphs.…”

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Evolutionary history of the mammalian synaptonemal complex

et al. 2016

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Section: The Synaptonemal Complex (Sc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Caenorhabditis Elegansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarities or differences to flies or nematodes will be considered at each step if corresponding data are available (Page and Hawley 2004;). …”

Section: The Function Of Sc Components and Their Assembly To A Mature Scmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: First Step: the Assembly Of The Chromosomal Axes And The Aximentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary history of the mammalian synaptonemal complex

et al. 2016

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Meiosis and meiotic errors

Hultén

Baker

Tankimanova

2005

Encyclopedia of Genetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Bioinformatics

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Derived from the Greek word for diminution, meiosis means “to halve”. The basic purpose of meiosis is straightforward: to reduce by half the chromosome complement of a diploid cell during gametogenesis (from 46 to 23 in humans) to give rise to haploid gametes. Subsequent fusion of a haploid spermatozoan and a haploid oocyte at fertilization restores the somatic diploid chromosome number in the resulting offspring. The process of meiosis is conserved through evolution although with marked differences between species and also between sexes. Unlike in mitosis (the division of somatic cells), where daughter cells should have the same genetic component as the parent cell from which they were derived, meiosis serves to effectively “shuffle” the genetic material in two ways, in order to generate an almost infinite genetic variety from the starting chromosomes. The first of the mechanisms giving rise to variation in alleles is by the independent segregation of the chromosome pairs to the resulting cells; in humans this mechanism alone would give rise to 529 different genetic cell types, and is termed “random assortment”. Perhaps surprisingly, meiotic segregation errors are common in human female meiosis with a large proportion of oocytes having abnormal chromosome numbers (aneuploidy). This does not necessarily impair their fertilization capability, but results in chromosomally unbalanced embryos, which either fail to implant, abort spontaneously, cause intrauterine/perinatal death, or cause the development of liveborn children with chromosome disorders, such as Trisomy 21 Down syndrome. The second mechanism occurs when chromosome arms exchange homologous regions of DNA through crossing‐over, the formation of chiasmata, leading to the recombination of parental alleles. Each individual chromosome pair during meiosis can (and usually does) undergo several different recombination events at any point along their length, and the many different ways in which these can then be resolved into the resulting cells create an “endless” level of variety, such that no two oocytes or sperm from one individual are genetically identical. Chiasmata also serve a most important purpose during meiosis; that of holding homologous chromosomes together until anaphase I. In this article, we will describe cytogenetic aspects of the process of meiosis, with special reference to the situation in human males and females. Thus, we will summarize achievements in obtaining information on meiosis by microscopic analysis of human germ cells.

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Diverse roles for CDK‐associated activity during spermatogenesis

2019

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The primary function of cyclin‐dependent kinases (CDKs) in complex with their activating cyclin partners is to promote mitotic division in somatic cells. This canonical cell cycle‐associated activity is also crucial for fertility as it allows the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells within the reproductive organs to generate meiotically competent cells. Intriguingly, several CDKs exhibit meiosis‐specific functions and are essential for the completion of the two reductional meiotic divisions required to generate haploid gametes. These meiosis‐specific functions are mediated by both known CDK/cyclin complexes and meiosis‐specific CDK‐regulators and are important for a variety of processes during meiotic prophase. The majority of meiotic defects observed upon deletion of these proteins occur during the extended prophase I of the first meiotic division. Importantly a lack of redundancy is seen within the meiotic arrest phenotypes described for many of these proteins, suggesting intricate layers of cell cycle control are required for normal meiotic progression. Using the process of male germ cell development (spermatogenesis) as a reference, this review seeks to highlight the diverse roles of selected CDKs their activators, and their regulators during gametogenesis.

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The Genetics and Molecular Biology of the Synaptonemal Complex

Cited by 645 publications

References 154 publications

Evolutionary history of the mammalian synaptonemal complex

Evolutionary history of the mammalian synaptonemal complex

Meiosis and meiotic errors

Diverse roles for CDK‐associated activity during spermatogenesis

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