The generation and preservation of multiple hurricane beds in the northern Gulf of Mexico

Keen, Timothy R.; Bentley, Samuel J.; Vaughan, W. C.; Blain, Cheryl Ann

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2004.05.022

Cited by 60 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Hurricane Andrew, 1992;Hurricane Katrina, 2005). In regions containing sandy barrier islands and beaches, a single storm can cause considerable damage along the shore due to storm surges and waves (Hill et al, 2004;Keen et al, 2004;Stone & Orford, 2004;. However, impacts on tidally infl uenced subtidal seascapes such as the oolitic tidal deltas and shelf margin of the Northern Abacos appear much less pronounced.…”

Section: Why Only Subtle Changes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tale of Two Storms: An Integrated Field, Remote Sensing and Modelling Study Examining the Impact of Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne on Carbonate Systems, Bahamas

Reeder

Rankey

2009

Perspectives in Carbonate Geology

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Tropical cyclones are commonly cited as being infl uential, or even dominant, controls on the geomorphological evolution of carbonate systems, and their infl uence is highlighted in many interpretations of ancient platforms. A unique opportunity to explore the effects of storms on platform systems occurred when two strong tropical cyclones (Frances and Jeanne) passed directly over the shoals and reefs of the Abacos, northern Bahamas, in 2004. Observations of the infl uence of these storms coupled with hydrodynamic observations and wave models provide insights into the nature and extent of geomorphological change that might be related to the passage of such storms.Comparisons of high resolution (2.4 m pixels) QuickBird remote sensing images and modelling lead to a conclusion that storms have spatially limited effects on the subtidal platform and shoals, and that storms are neither suffi cient to alter the system nor necessary for lobate shoals to form. Instead, daily processes (winds, waves and tides) produce conditions adequate to explain geomorphological features.The effects of these two storms are not enough to explain the geomorphological evolution of this tidally infl uenced system. Other studies show that storms had comparable impacts, suggesting that this is not an exceptional case. These observations are consistent with a quantitative wave model showing the distribution of energy across carbonate systems with different geometries. These observations and model results highlight the diffi culty of generating grainy 'storm deposits' of comparable extent to those interpreted in some ancient successions. Collectively, these observations and models question the paradigm of storm infl uence on shallow-water carbonate platform geomorphology.

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Section: Why Only Subtle Changes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tale of Two Storms: An Integrated Field, Remote Sensing and Modelling Study Examining the Impact of Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne on Carbonate Systems, Bahamas

Reeder

Rankey

2009

Perspectives in Carbonate Geology

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“…The occurrence of sandy layers in the stratigraphic record of lakes and coastal areas is thus considered a proxy for past storminess (Andrade et al, 2004). Their formation and preservation is not common since it might depend on many factors, such as the disposability of sand from the coastal system, the burial rate, the bioturbation, the possible sand winnowing due to subsequent storm recurrence (Wheatcroft and Drake, 2003;Keen et al, 2004;Dawson et al, 2004a). Only major events are normally retained onto the middle shelves, which can disclose sand layers up to 10 cm thick (Morton, 1981;Snedden and Nummendal, 1991).…”

Section: Sea Storm Event Bedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the marine environment the detection of tempestite layers is achieved mainly on the base of cores analysis, thus with a restricted point of view (Keen et al, 2004;Budillon et al, 2005a): typical structures as "hummocky cross stratification" and scours, pertaining to storm deposition and providing information about flow directions and hydrodynamic regimes, are not recognisable. In that cases many aspects of storm deposition remain unknown, because neither current velocities at the seabed nor wind-wave parameters are measurable, as for storms occurring before the 20th century.…”

Section: Sea Storm Event Bedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment transport and deposition during extreme sea storm events at the Salerno Bay (Tyrrhenian Sea): comparison of field data with numerical model results

Budillon

Vicinanza²,

Ferrante³

et al. 2006

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Seismic stratigraphy and core litho-stratigraphy in the Salerno Bay inner shelf (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea) reveal significant storm deposition episodes over the last 1 ky. Three major events are preserved as decimetre thick silt/sand layers bounded at their base by erosional surfaces and sealed in the muddy marine sequences between 25 and 60 m of depth. Geochronology and chrono-stratigraphy on core sediment point towards a recurrence of major sea storms between 0.1 and 0.3 ky and put the last significant event in the 19th century, when no local meteorological time series is available. A modelling of extreme sea-storms with a return period of about 0.1 ky is here proposed based on historical hindcast and aims at explaining the occurrence of such unusual deep and thick sand deposits in the northern sector of the bay. Results highlight the vulnerability of the northern coast of the Salerno Bay to the south western sea storms which can drive waves up to about 8 m high and wave period of about 13 s. With these conditions an intense combined flow current is formed and might account for winnowing fine sand down to the depth of 40 m at least. The numerical model thus confirms a possible sand transport in the bottom boundary layer due to wave-current interaction and could corroborate the interpretation of the most recent sand layers, included in the cores, as being generated under extreme sea storm conditions.

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“…These currents and winds redistribute sediment by eroding it from one area and depositing it in another [11,15,16]. Even moderate hurricanes have caused incision, break-up and shoreline retreat of barrier islands [16,17]. Marshes are disproportionately damaged by strong winds and wave action caused by hurricanes [11,12,15,16,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marsh Loss Due to Cumulative Impacts of Hurricane Isaac and the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in Louisiana

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Coastal ecosystems are greatly endangered due to anthropogenic development and climate change. Multiple disturbances may erode the ability of a system to recover from stress if there is little time between disturbance events. We evaluated the ability of the saltmarshes in Barataria Bay, Louisiana, USA, to recover from two successive disturbances, the DeepWater Horizon oil spill in 2010 and Hurricane Isaac in 2012. We measured recovery using vegetation indices and land cover change metrics. We found that after the hurricane, land loss along oiled shorelines was 17.8%, while along oil-free shorelines, it was 13.6% within the first 7 m. At a distance of 7-14 m, land loss from oiled regions was 11.6%, but only 6.3% in oil-free regions. We found no differences in vulnerability to land loss between narrow and wide shorelines; however, vegetation in narrow sites was significantly more stressed, potentially leading to future land loss. Treated oiled regions also lost more land due to the hurricane than untreated regions. These results suggest that ecosystem recovery after the two disturbances is compromised, as the observed high rates of land loss may prevent salt marsh from establishing in the same areas where it existed prior to the oil spill.

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The generation and preservation of multiple hurricane beds in the northern Gulf of Mexico

Cited by 60 publications

References 26 publications

A Tale of Two Storms: An Integrated Field, Remote Sensing and Modelling Study Examining the Impact of Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne on Carbonate Systems, Bahamas

A Tale of Two Storms: An Integrated Field, Remote Sensing and Modelling Study Examining the Impact of Hurricanes Frances and Jeanne on Carbonate Systems, Bahamas

Sediment transport and deposition during extreme sea storm events at the Salerno Bay (Tyrrhenian Sea): comparison of field data with numerical model results

Marsh Loss Due to Cumulative Impacts of Hurricane Isaac and the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in Louisiana

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