“…There are also several parametric and nonparametric tests for univariate multi_sample problems. See, for instance, B_ning (2000); B_ning & K_ssler (1997); Marozzi (2014); Murakami (2006, 2008); Nishino & Murakami (2018, 2020); Rubl_k (2005, 2007). However, when the data are multivariate, especially of higher dimension, in the sense that the number of variables is far too high compared to the available samples, there is still a shortage of efficient statistical tests for multi_sample comparisons.…”