The Gendering of the Computing Field in Finland, France and the United Kingdom Between 1960 and 1990

Morley, Chantal; McDonnell, Martina

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20837-4_8

Connecting Women

2015

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-20837-4_8

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The Gendering of the Computing Field in Finland, France and the United Kingdom Between 1960 and 1990

Chantal Morley

Martina McDonnell

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Cited by 2 publications

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An even-handed debate? The sexed/gendered controversy over laterality genes in British psychology, 1970s–1990s

Cornel

2020

History of the Human Sciences

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This article provides insight into the entwinement of the allegedly neutral category of handedness with questions of sex/gender, reproduction, dis/ability, and scientific authority. In the 1860s, Paul Broca suggested that the speech centre sat in the left brain hemisphere in most humans, and that right-handedness stemmed from this asymmetry. One century later, British psychologists Marian Annett and Chris McManus proposed biologically unconfirmed theories of how handedness and brain asymmetry were passed on in families. Their idea to integrate chance into genetic models of handedness was novel, and so was their use of computerized statistics to parse out the incidence of handedness genotypes and phenotypes. Notwithstanding significant conceptual and methodological overlaps, McManus and Annett did not collaborate and proposed competing theories. I analyse the sexed/gendered dimensions of their controversy by drawing on published literature, unpublished documents, and oral history interviews. I first attend to the epistemological importance of sex/gender. Both psychologists published several iterations of their models, which increasingly relied on questions of sex/gender and reproduction. Annett additionally linked handedness with stereotypically gendered cognitive abilities. Second, I argue that using masculine-coded computer technologies contributed to Annett’s professional marginalization whereas similar methods endowed McManus with surplus authority. Finally, I show that Annett’s complicity in stabilizing sociocultural hierarchies within her theory mirrored her personal experience of marginalization based on sex/gender, age, education, and lack of institutional affiliation. This analysis exemplifies the entanglement of cognitive and social factors in scientific controversies and adds to the literature on 20th-century British women psychologists.

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An even-handed debate? The sexed/gendered controversy over laterality genes in British psychology, 1970s–1990s

Cornel

2020

History of the Human Sciences

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Approche féministe et recherche en S.I. : une étude de MIS Quarterly

Morley¹

2018

Systèmes d'Information &Amp; Management

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Depuis plusieurs dizaines d’années, dans différentes disciplines académiques (histoire, anthropologie, sociologie, sciences de l’éducation, sciences de gestion…), un ensemble de travaux interrogent la construction sociale des rôles de sexe et partagent, à des degrés divers, une approche de recherche que l’on peut appeler « approche féministe ». L’objectif de cet article est d’utiliser cette approche pour comprendre comment le féminin-masculin est pris en compte dans les recherches en systèmes d’information (SI), et plus précisément dans une revue phare, MIS Quarterly . Pour cela, nous avons d’abord fait une description des différentes dimensions d’une approche féministe. En utilisant ce cadre, nous avons analysé de façon systématique tous les articles où le terme gender apparaît, en ayant à l’esprit que le terme en anglais peut aussi bien renvoyer à une variable démographique qu’à une notion de genre, entendue comme une organisation sociale des relations entre femmes et hommes. Notre analyse montre l’apport potentiel d’une approche féministe pour de nombreuses recherches en SI. Elle introduit une exigence accrue de rigueur théorique, elle permet de pointer sur des résultats culturellement biaisés ou sur des failles dans les démonstrations proposées, et elle peut conduire à des résultats plus solides, plus riches et plus nuancés. Par ailleurs, elle met en lumière une responsabilité éventuelle des chercheur.es dans le maintien de stéréotypes et/ou le renforcement de normes ou relations de pouvoir qui structurent un système d’information ou son management. Enfin, elle peut ouvrir sur de nouvelles perspectives de recherche.

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The Gendering of the Computing Field in Finland, France and the United Kingdom Between 1960 and 1990

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

An even-handed debate? The sexed/gendered controversy over laterality genes in British psychology, 1970s–1990s

An even-handed debate? The sexed/gendered controversy over laterality genes in British psychology, 1970s–1990s

Approche féministe et recherche en S.I. : une étude de MIS Quarterly

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