The gender wage gap in Austria: eppur si muove!

Böheim, René; Himpele, Klemens; Mahringer, Helmut; Zulehner, Christine

doi:10.1007/s10663-012-9203-x

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…All these characteristics contribute significantly to the explanation of the gender wage gap. Our descriptive analyzes confirm earlier results, women earn on average less then men, they are on average better formally educated than men, but have on average less workplace experience, probably due to child bearing (Böheim et al 2007(Böheim et al , 2012Grünberger and Zulehner 2009;Pointner and Stiglbauer 2010). Taking observed differences between women and men into account, we find that about 40 % of the wage gap is due to observable differences in characteristics, i.e., fair discrimination.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The first effect is a direct effect where the returns to characteristics, in particular, education, will converge. Returns have converged over the last decades (Böheim et al 2012) and disclosure of such returns will result in more informed wage bargaining. Over time, once educational choices will react to changed (expected) returns to human capital, we believe to observe a convergence of the skill distributions of men and women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The distribution of the gender wage gap in Austria: evidence from matched employer-employee data and tax records

Böheim

Himpele

Mahringer

et al. 2012

J Labour Market Res

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The distribution of the gender wage gap in Austria: evidence from matched employer-employee data and tax records

Böheim

Himpele

Mahringer

et al. 2012

J Labour Market Res

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“…Progress in educational attainment of women and a convergence in the returns to education have both narrowed the pay gap. However, they have been largely offset by the decline in relative wages of unskilled workers, particularly in the service sector, where women are still overrepresented (Böheim et al, 2012a). The gender gap can be partly explained by observable characteristics such as occupational and sectoral differences in employment and the choice of the field of study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, Böheim et al, (2012b) estimate that a wage gap of 11% remains even after accounting for a wide range of observable characteristics. This remaining wage gap may reflect discrimination but also factors such as differences in risk aversion, wage bargaining behaviour or attitudes towards competition (Böheim et al, 2012a). Recent OECD analysis (OECD, 2012d) finds that this unexplained wage gap is rather low in Austria in international comparison after accounting for differences in education, hours worked, age/work experience, job characteristics and other demographics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Austria's Well-being Goes Beyond GDP

Röhn

Gönenç

Beer

et al. 2013

OECD Economics Department Working Papers

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JT03343359Complete document available on OLIS in its original format This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. 71 Unclassified English -Or. English 71 2 ABSTRACT/RÉSUMÉ Austria's well-being goes beyond GDPAustria enjoys strong material well-being and high quality of life. Steady convergence with top GDP per capita levels translated into decisive improvements in household disposable incomes while significant redistribution has ensured low income inequality and poverty. This has been combined with gains in leisure time, especially time spent in retirement, low unemployment, high environmental standards, rising life expectancy, a well-functioning social support network and high subjective well-being. This performance was achieved with a unique combination of supportive conditions for a dynamic business sector, priority for family based care, a wide supply of public services, and a well-functioning social partnership. Particularly remarkable for a small open economy has been the degree of stability, which may have contributed to Austria's high quality of life. However, a number of weaknesses also exist. Older, unskilled and in particular people with migrant background, have lower labour market attachments. Outcomes in education and health care are subject to inequalities. Family services are still mainly carried out by women, who have closed the gap in education attainment with men but face tensions between work and family responsibilities and a high wage gap. The gaps experienced by people with migrant background are in several dimensions larger than in the average OECD country. This Working Paper relates to the 2013 OECD Economic Survey of Austria (http://www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/austria-2013.htm).JEL classification: D31; D60; H40; I31; O52. Keywords: Austria, well-being, quality of life, productivity, family, social partnership ******** En Autriche, le bien-être ne se limite pas au PIB En Autriche, le bien-être matériel et la qualité de vie sont élevés. Un mouvement constant de convergence vers un PIB par habitant élevé a permis une nette amélioration du revenu disponible des ménages. Parallèlement, une redistribution importante a permis que les inégalités de revenu et le taux de pauvreté soient faibles. À cela s'ajoutent une augmentation du temps disponible pour les loisirs, en particulier du temps passé à la retraite, un faible taux de chômage, une bonne qualité de l'environnement, un allongement de l'espérance de vie et un bien-être subjectif élevé. L'Autriche doit ces résultats à un modèle unique en son genre, qui associe des conditions favorables au dynamisme du secteur privé, une priorité accordée à la prise en charge familiale, une offre développée de services publics et un système de partenariat social efficace. Un certain nombre de faiblesses existent cependant. Ainsi, les travailleurs âgés et non qualifiés et, surtout, les...

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“…Wage differentials with respect to gender, age and industry are relatively high by international standards (see e.g. Böheim et al, 2011;. 30 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%