The gender difference in the value of winning

Chen, Zhuoqiong; Ong, David; Sheremeta, Roman M.

doi:10.1016/j.econlet.2015.10.006

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…In the same vein in the lab and in other domains, studies observe similar gender-pairing effects in ultimatum (Eckel & Grossman, 2001), dictator (Ben-Ner et al, 2004), multistage alternatingoffer bargaining (Dittrich et al, 2014), and in all-pay auction games (Chen et al, 2015). While there seems to be evidence on women's economic decision-making being affected by the gender of the party with whom they are interacting, explanations regarding women's preferences for same-gender competition are rather rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Why Do Women Favor Same-Gender Competition? Evidence from a Choice Experiment

et al. 2017

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in This version April 2017Abstract This paper addresses the behavioral puzzle of women's preference for competition when competitors are also women. Using a framed field experiment with 883 non-standard subjects, we show that none of the determinants of competitive behavior in general, including ability, self-confidence, and risk aversion, provide a satisfying explanation for women's substantive gender-related selection into competition. Nonetheless, women who are overconfident, i.e. over-estimate own abilities in performing a task, enter competition regardless of the gender-mix. Hence, the gender-pairing phenomenon is driven by women who correctly estimate or under-estimate own ability. We conclude that this is due to stereotypes about women's underperformance compared to men.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Why Do Women Favor Same-Gender Competition? Evidence from a Choice Experiment

et al. 2017

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“…Finally, there is strong evidence that female subjects bid more, resulting in lower profits, and weak evidence that they enter at a higher rate. Concerning bidding behavior, several authors have found gender differences in bidding behavior in environments without endogenous entry (Chen et al., , ; Schipper, ; Price and Sheremeta, ).…”

Section: Results From the Labmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Effort Supply With Prize‐augmenting Entry Fees: Theory and Experiments

Hammond

Liu

et al. 2019

Int Economic Review

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Entry fees are widely observed in contests. We study the effect of a prize‐augmenting entry fee on expected total effort in an all‐pay auction setting where the contestants' abilities are private information. An entry fee reduces equilibrium entry but can enhance the entrants' effort supply. Our theoretical model demonstrates that the optimal entry fee is strictly positive and finite. In a laboratory experiment, we empirically test the effect of entry fees on effort supply. Our results provide strong support for the notion that a principal can elicit higher effort using an appropriately set entry fee to augment the prize purse.

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“…For example, when choosing to be rewarded by a tournament payment scheme or a piece-rate, women tend to choose the piece-rate over the tournament (Niederle and Vesterlund, 2007;Cason et al, 2010;Balafoutas and Sutter, 2012;Sutter and Glätzle-Rützler, 2015). However, in auctions and contests, women actually bid more than men (Ham and Kagel, 2006;Casari et al, 2007;Chen et al, 2013;Mago et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2015;Price and Sheremeta, 2015). Therefore, Figure 3 splits the average bid in the all-pay auction by school pair and gender.…”

Section: Gender Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Obviously, the actual value of winning may not necessarily be reflected by the pure monetary value of the prize (Chen et al, 2015). Instead, it most likely incorporates different nonmonetary considerations, such as the non-monetary utility of winning (Sheremeta, 2010(Sheremeta, , 2013(Sheremeta, , 2015, status (Charness et al, 2013;Clingingsmith and Sheremeta, 2015), and recognition (Andreoni and Petrie, 2004;Samek and Sheremeta, 2014).…”

Section: Theoretical Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition between and within Universities: Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Group Identity and the Desire to Win

2015

Self Cite

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We study how salient group identity, created through competition between students from different universities, as well as differences in the value of winning impact competitive behavior. Our experiment employs a simple all-pay auction within and between two university subject pools. We find that when competing against their peers, students within the lower tier university bid more aggressively than students within the top-tier university. Also, students from the lower tier university, in particular women, bid more aggressively when competing against students from the top-tier university. These findings, interpreted through a theoretical model incorporating both group identity and differential value of winning, suggest that students at the lower tier university have a stronger group identity as well as higher desire to win.

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The gender difference in the value of winning

Cited by 32 publications

References 36 publications

Why Do Women Favor Same-Gender Competition? Evidence from a Choice Experiment

Why Do Women Favor Same-Gender Competition? Evidence from a Choice Experiment

Enhancing Effort Supply With Prize‐augmenting Entry Fees: Theory and Experiments

Competition between and within Universities: Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Group Identity and the Desire to Win

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