The Genain Quadruplets

Mirsky, Allan F.; Quinn, Olive W.

doi:10.1093/schbul/14.4.595

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Attempts to relate this variability to several measures of brain structure or function found no strong relationships (Buchsbaum et al, 1984). However, the history of the sisters pointed to other factors that could account for the variability including parental treatment and birth order (Mirsky & Quinn, 1988).…”

Section: Genetics and Endophenotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving Notions of Schizophrenia as a Developmental Neurocognitive Disorder

Seidman

Mirsky

2017

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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We review the changing conceptions of schizophrenia over the past 50 years as it became understood as a disorder of brain function and structure in which neurocognitive dysfunction was identified at different illness phases. The centrality of neurocognition has been recognized, especially because neurocognitive deficits are strongly related to social and role functioning in the illness, and as a result neurocognitive measures are used routinely in clinical assessment of individuals with schizophrenia. From the original definitions of the syndrome of schizophrenia in the early 20th century, impaired cognition, especially attention, was considered to be important. Neurocognitive impairments are found in the vast majority of individuals with schizophrenia, and they vary from mild, relatively restricted deficits, to dementia-like syndromes, as early as the first psychotic episode. Neurocognitive deficits are found in the premorbid phase in a substantial minority of pre-teenage youth who later develop schizophrenia, and they apparently worsen by the prodromal, high-risk phase in a majority of those who develop the illness. While there is limited evidence for reversibility of impairments from pharmacological interventions in schizophrenia, promising results have emerged from cognitive remediation studies. Thus, we expect cognitive interventions to play a larger role in schizophrenia in the coming years. Moreover, because youth at risk for schizophrenia can be identified by an emergent high-risk syndrome, earlier interventions might be applied in a preemptive way to reduce disability and improve adaptation. The notion of schizophrenia as a developmental neurocognitive disorder with stages opens up a window of possibilities for earlier interventions. (JINS, 2017, 23, 881-892)

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Section: Genetics and Endophenotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving Notions of Schizophrenia as a Developmental Neurocognitive Disorder

Seidman

Mirsky

2017

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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“…However, a recent thorough review of the methodology (Fleming & Martin ) found a likely artificial increase of the genetic contribution to schizophrenia. Controlling for the influence of an abusive and artificial research environment on a possible psychogenic aetiology (Mirsky & Quinn , Mirsky et al . , Joseph , Wynne et al .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The need for Experience Focused Counselling (EFC) with voice hearers in training and practice: a review of the literature

Schnackenberg

Martin

2013

Psychiatric Ment Health Nurs

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A pathologizing paradigm to making sense of experiences such as hearing voices and schizophrenia remains dominant within mental health service provision. However, a real biological basis to the aetiology of hearing voices, and similar phenomena remains elusive. Antipsychotic medication, as the mainstay of the biological model, has not only been shown to have serious side effects, but is widely acknowledged as being of clinical benefit only to a limited number of people. In contrast, the Recovery Movement, and in particular the Hearing Voices Movement, have suggested that a normal life is possible despite having the experience of hearing voices. At its heart is the notion that it is possible to make sense of voices within the person's life context and to learn to live with them. Interestingly, it would seem that this approach remains largely confined to the user movement. This may in part be the result of the lack of widely accepted quantifiable and qualitative research in this area supporting such a stance. This review focuses on the current evidence base for the individual approach of the Hearing Voices Movement, which is known as Experience Focused Counselling or Making Sense of Voices. Future directions for research are indicated.

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“…63) The “Genain Quadruplets,” a set of monozygotic female quadruplets who all developed SZ, demonstrate this significant genetic component. 64) Thousands of genetic studies of SZ, including genetic linkage, association studies, genome-wide association studies, and whole exome sequencing studies, have identified numerous SZ susceptibility genes. 65) Nonetheless, no single gene per se crucial for the generation of SZ has been reported.…”

Section: Genetic Studies Of Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptic functions and their disruption in schizophrenia: From clinical evidence to synaptic optogenetics in an animal model

Obi-Nagata

Temma

Hayashi‐Takagi

2019

Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B

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The adult human brain consists of approximately a hundred billion neurons, which are connected via synapses. The pattern and strength of the synaptic connections are constantly changing (synaptic plasticity), and these changes are considered to underlie learning, memory, and personality. Many psychiatric disorders have been related to disturbances in synaptogenesis and subsequent plasticity. In this review, we summarize findings of synaptic disturbance and its involvement in the pathogenesis and/or pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. We will focus on schizophrenia, because this condition has a high proven heritability, which offers more unambiguous insights into the biological origins of not only schizophrenia but also related psychiatric disorders. To demonstrate the involvement of synaptopathy in psychiatric disorders, we discuss what knowledge is missing at the circuits level, and what new technologies are needed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of synaptopathy in psychiatric disorders.

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The Genain Quadruplets

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Evolving Notions of Schizophrenia as a Developmental Neurocognitive Disorder

Evolving Notions of Schizophrenia as a Developmental Neurocognitive Disorder

The need for Experience Focused Counselling (EFC) with voice hearers in training and practice: a review of the literature

Synaptic functions and their disruption in schizophrenia: From clinical evidence to synaptic optogenetics in an animal model

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