The gastric microbiota — bacterial diversity and implications

Shah, Manish A.

doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2017.140

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The human gastric microbiome is more and more under the focus of clinical research (Majlessi et al, 2017 ; Noto and Peek, 2017 ; Péré-Védrenne et al, 2017 ; Shah, 2017 ). Recent studies on the oral, gastric and duodenal microbiome describe no significant differences at phylum level between the oral habitat and the stomach aspirates but clear differences compared to the duodenal phyla (Schulz et al, 2016a ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Human Gastric Microbiome Is Predicated upon Infection with Helicobacter pylori

et al. 2017

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The human gastric lumen is one of the most hostile environments of the human body suspected to be sterile until the discovery of Helicobacter pylori (H.p.). State of the art next generation sequencing technologies multiply the knowledge on H.p. functional genomics as well as on the colonization of supposed sterile human environments like the gastric habitat. Here we studied in a prospective, multicenter, clinical trial the 16S rRNA gene amplicon based bacterial microbiome in a total of 30 homogenized and frozen gastric biopsy samples from eight geographic locations. The evaluation of the samples for H.p. infection status was done by histopathology and a specific PCR assay. CagA status was determined by a CagA-specific PCR assay. Patients were grouped accordingly as H.p.-negative, H.p.-positive but CagA-negative and H.p.-positive and CagA-positive (n = 10, respectively). Here we show that H.p. infection of the gastric habitat dominates the gastric microbiota in most patients and is associated with a significant decrease of the microbial alpha diversity from H.p. negative to H.p. positive with CagA as a considerable factor. The genera Actinomyces, Granulicatella, Veillonella, Fusobacterium, Neisseria, Helicobacter, Streptococcus, and Prevotella are significantly different between the H.p.-positive and H.p.-negative sample groups. Differences in microbiota found between CagA-positive and CagA-negative patients were not statistically significant and need to be re-evaluated in larger sample cohorts. In conclusion, H.p. infection dominates the gastric microbiome in a multicentre cohort of patients with varying diagnoses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…H.p. is one of the genetically best characterized and fully sequenced organisms due to its potentially carcinogenic effect (Wroblewski and Peek, 2016 ) and high relevance for human health (Tomb et al, 1997 ; Noto and Peek, 2017 ; Shah, 2017 ). Nowadays, multiple other microbiota than H.p.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Human Gastric Microbiome Is Predicated upon Infection with Helicobacter pylori

et al. 2017

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“…Carcinogenesis of gastric cancers is associated with H. pylori and some oral microbiota including Fn , Parvimonas micra and Peptostreptococcus stomatis . Significant enrichment of Peptostreptococcus stomatis , Parvimonas micra , Streptococcus anginosus , Dialister pneumosintes , Slackia exigua, Clostridium colicanis and Fn and depletion of Helicobacterium was observed in gastric cancer, and alterations in bacterial diversity and abundance in patients with gastric cancer revealed a dysbiotic microbial community with prediction potential . Recently, incremental data has demonstrated that eradication treatment for H. pylori could reduce the risk of gastric cancer .…”

Section: Fmt As a Possible Therapy For Various Type Of Cancers And Camentioning

confidence: 91%

“…76 Significant enrichment of Peptostreptococcus stomatis, Parvimonas micra, Streptococcus anginosus, Dialister pneumosintes, Slackia exigua, 38 Clostridium colicanis and Fn 77 and depletion of Helicobacterium 78 was observed in gastric cancer, and alterations in bacterial diversity and abundance in patients with gastric cancer revealed a dysbiotic microbial community with prediction potential. 79 Recently, incremental data has demonstrated that eradication treatment for H. pylori could reduce the risk of gastric cancer. 80,81 Collectively, these studies indicate that gastric microbiota is involved in gastric carcinogenesis.…”

Section: Fmt For Digestive System Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal microbiota transplantation in cancer management: Current status and perspectives

Chen

Jin

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Cancer

223

161

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The human gut is home to a large and diverse microbial community, comprising about 1,000 bacterial species. The gut microbiota exists in a symbiotic relationship with its host, playing a decisive role in the host's nutrition, immunity and metabolism. Accumulating studies have revealed the associations between gut dysbiosis or some special bacteria and various cancers. Emerging data suggest that gut microbiota can modulate the effectiveness of cancer therapies, especially immunotherapy. Manipulating the microbial populations with therapeutic intent has become a hot topic of cancer research, and the most dramatic manipulation of gut microbiota refers to fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from healthy individuals to patients. FMT has demonstrated remarkable clinical efficacy against Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and it is highly recommended for the treatment of recurrent or refractory CDI. Lately, interest is growing in the therapeutic potential of FMT for other diseases, including cancers. We briefly reviewed the current researches about gut microbiota and its link to cancer, and then summarized the recent preclinical and clinical evidence to indicate the potential of FMT in cancer management as well as cancer‐treatment associated complications. We also presented the rationale of FMT for cancer management such as reconstruction of intestinal microbiota, amelioration of bile acid metabolism, and modulation of immunotherapy efficacy. This article would help to better understand this new therapeutic approach for cancer patients by targeting gut microbiota.

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“…In the gastric environment, the extreme acidity and thick protective mucosa limit the bacterial growth and colonization. Therefore, the complexity and abundance of the microbiota in the stomach are generally much lower than in the lower alimentary tract and oral cavity, and most of the gastric bacteria remains in the gastric juice [29]. However, H. pylori penetrates the mucus layer in order to colonize the gastric mucosa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Gastric Cancer Aggressiveness through Upregulation of Cell Mobility and Interferon Genes

Hsieh

Tung

Pan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Fusobacterium nucleatum was previously found to become a dominant species in the gastric cancer-associated microbiota of patients from Taiwan. However, the prevalence of Fusobacterium nucleatum infection in gastric cancer has not been examined in a larger patient cohort. In addition, whether Fusobacterium nucleatum elicits a cellular response in gastric cancer remains unknown.Methods A study cohort of resected gastric cancer tissue specimens was examined using nested PCR to detect Fusobacterium nucleatum. In vitro coculture of Fusobacterium nucleatum was carried out to identify the alteration in the expression profile of patient-derived gastric cancer cell line.Results approximately one-third of gastric cancer tissues are positive for Fusobacterium nucleatum. Statistical analysis showed that the risk for Fusobacterium nucleatum infection is increased in late-stage cancer tissue specimens and incurs poorer survival in Helicobacter pylori-positive patients. In vitro coculture experiment shows a drastic interferon response activated only by a high multiplicity of infection, and the response peaks within 24 hours and subsides after 72 hours of incubation. Another set of response genes is the continuous increase of actins and their regulators with prolonged time of incubation, activated by both low and high multiplicity of infection.Conclusions Our data indicates that Fusobacterium nucleatum incites an inflammatory response from the cancer cells and promotes cell mobility, likely

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The gastric microbiota — bacterial diversity and implications

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

The Human Gastric Microbiome Is Predicated upon Infection with Helicobacter pylori

The Human Gastric Microbiome Is Predicated upon Infection with Helicobacter pylori

Fecal microbiota transplantation in cancer management: Current status and perspectives

Fusobacterium nucleatum Promotes Gastric Cancer Aggressiveness through Upregulation of Cell Mobility and Interferon Genes

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