The Garibaldi Riots Of 1862

Abstract

Violence is the means of expression of men who lack any other, and is especially useful to the historian of an otherwise inarticulate working class, starving on die scraps which middle-class sources leave him. Everyman is anonymous, but becomes memorable in rebellion; and in die many memorable rebellions of nineteenth-century Europe, that self-proclaimed ‘age of revolution’, historians have rejoiced that trie poor had found voice in violence.

Transnationalising “Anti‐Popery”: Militant Protestant Preachers in the Nineteenth‐Century Anglo‐World

“…Gavazzi and De Camin denounced Irish Catholic subservience and portrayed Garibaldi's march as a crusade against the papacy. 103 Thus the general tenor of sectarian feeling was heightened by a clash of religious authority and secular nationalism. De Camin's reception in Enniskillen in January of 1862 saw local Catholics barring the town hall to prevent his first lecture.…”

The Virgin Mary and Religious Conflict in Victorian Britain

“…At the most superficial level, Protestants had contempt for the cult of the Virgin, and treated it as a typically lamentable product 47 At a deeper level, the Marian cult presented Protestants with an opportunity to launch simultaneous attacks on their two most detested foes, the Irish and the Catholics. Anti-Irish feeling had not always been a feature of British society.…”

‘Another Stafford street row’: Law, order and the Irish presence in mid‐Victorian Wolverhampton

“…The terms 'Irish' and 'Catholic' were virtually synonymous in English eyes, and although anti-Irish sentiment was more diffuse than anti-Catholicism, 69 it is evident that the resurgence of popular Protestantism in the wake of the Tractarian Controversy and the re-establishment of the Roman Catholic hierarchy by Pius IX in 1850™ provided an additional cutting edge to Anglo-Irish tensions. Indeed, antiCatholic sentiment contributed to the most serious clashes between English and Irish during the period, notably at Stockport in 1852," Oldham in 1861, 72 and London in 1862; 73 and during the more widespread Murphy Riots of 1867-71. 74 Wolverhampton was not exempted from manifestations of anti-Catholicism during the same period, for two serious disturbances, both involving the Stafford Street Irish, occurred in 1858 and 1867 in consequence of the activities of anti-Catholic lecturers in the town.…”