The gap between atmospheric nitrogen deposition experiments and reality

Bebber, Daniel P.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149774

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…Thus, it could be highly possible that IN and ON impacted plant community ANPP at different magnitudes. As the responses of plant communities to N deposition differ greatly with the amount, frequency, and duration of N addition, ecosystem types, and climate (Bebber, 2021;Bobbink et al, 2010), more studies are encouraged to explore the effects of N types on ecosystem productivity in natural ecosystems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential bias of nitrogen deposition effects on primary productivity and biodiversity

Wang

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is composed of both inorganic nitrogen (IN) and organic nitrogen (ON), and these sources of N may exhibit different impacts on ecosystems. However, our understanding of the impacts of N deposition is largely based on experimental gradients of INs or more rarely ONs. Thus, the effects of N deposition on ecosystem productivity and biodiversity may be biased. We explored the differential impacts of N addition with different IN:ON ratios (0:10, 3:7, 5:5, 7:3, and 10:0) on aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) of plant community and plant diversity in a typical temperate grassland with a long-term N addition experiment. Soil pH, litter biomass, soil IN concentration, and light penetration were measured to examine the potential mechanisms underlying species loss with N addition. Our results showed that N addition significantly increased plant community ANPP by 68.33%-105.50% and reduced species richness by 16.20%-37.99%. The IN:ON ratios showed no significant effects on plant community ANPP. However, IN-induced species richness loss was about 2.34 times of ON-induced richness loss. Soil pH was positively related to species richness, and they exhibited very similar response patterns to IN:ON ratios. It implies that soil acidification accounts for the different magnitudes of species loss with IN and ON additions. Overall, our study suggests that it might be reasonable to evaluate the effects of N deposition on plant community ANPP with either IN or ON addition. However, the evaluation of N deposition on biodiversity might be overestimated if only IN is added or underestimated if only ON is added.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential bias of nitrogen deposition effects on primary productivity and biodiversity

Wang

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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“…given that global N deposition rates rarely exceed 2 g N m −2 year −1 . In a similar vein, recent work from N gradient experiments that include very low rates of N input in Inner Mongolia (Bai et al, 2010;Pan et al, 2020;Song et al, 2011) and Tibet (Peng et al, 2017a(Peng et al, , 2017b also found nonlinear effects of N addition on biomass, ecosystem how ecosystems may be responding to N deposition (Bebber, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Our work highlights the need for more studies across gradients of realistic input levels of N (Bebber, 2021). The observed response to N of AGB, BNPP, and ecosystem and soil C fluxes were all nonlinear, indicating that predicting ecosystem responses at lower N addition rates is not always possible from high N addition studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Here, we found that increases in plant biomass and gross primary productivity at low rates of N addition were counteracted by increases in respiration, resulting in no net change in C uptake, and that high rates of N addition can reduce plant growth and C uptake via soil acidification. By measuring both the C fluxes and pools across an N gradient that encompasses the global range of N deposition rates, we can more accurately predict how ecosystems may be responding to N deposition (Bebber, 2021). Our work indicates that rates of N deposition between 1 and 3 g N m −2 year −1 may increase plant biomass and ecosystem C fluxes in grasslands, but in the absence of other environmental changes, these increases will ultimately not change the size of the grassland C sink.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen was added to the plots as time-released urea (CH₄N₂O). Time-released urea has been found to be an effective mimic of N deposition (Jia, 2020), in spite of the majority of N deposition being composed of NH x and NO y compounds (Bebber, 2021). Fertilizer was added at the end of each growing season, and herbivores were not excluded from any of the plots.…”

Section: Materials S and Me Thodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Realistic rates of nitrogen addition increase carbon flux rates but do not change soil carbon stocks in a temperate grassland

Wilcots

Schroeder

DeLancey

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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Soils store 2.5 and plants store 1.5 times as much C compared to the atmosphere, respectively (Schlesinger & Bernhardt, 2013). Thus, even small changes to the size of these C sinks, or to rates of photosynthesis or respiration, could have large consequences for atmospheric CO 2 levels. Importantly, other global change drivers, such as nitrogen (N) deposition (Stevens, 2019;Vitousek et al., 1997), may be

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Canopy nitrogen application effects on Quercus petraea L. and Fagus sylvatica L. ring width and wood density

Minikaev,

Ventura,

Tonon

et al. 2024

Eur J Forest Res

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As an essential nutrient, Nitrogen (N) availability is fundamental in evaluating forest productivity, and as such, understanding the effects of changing atmospheric N inputs in forest ecosystems is of high significance. While most field experiments have been employing ground fertilization as a method to simulate N deposition, two experimental forest sites in Italy have adopted the more advanced canopy N application approach. Here we present findings from a case study of wood core analyses of predominantly pure, even aged, Sessile oak (Quercus petraea L.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest stands, treated with either below or above canopy N fertilization, comparing between the two simulation pathways of increased N deposition. The potential effects of elevated N availability on total ring width, mean ring density, and their corresponding earlywood and latewood fractions are examined. Our results indicate inconclusive effects of the treatments on the ring width traits of both Q. petraea or F. sylvatica, although basal area increment patterns appeared to be affected divergently between the species and treatments. Mean and earlywood, but not latewood, densities on the other hand, exhibited a decrease in certain years of the treatment period in Q. petraea as result of the above canopy N application only, whereas F. sylvatica wood density showed no clear response to any of the treatments. Thus, we are describing distinct reactions of the two broadleaved species to the different experimental N deposition approaches, discussing potential growth patterns under increased N availability, and emphasizing the importance of considering wood density in assessments of tree biomass accumulation and essentially Carbon storage capacities.

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The gap between atmospheric nitrogen deposition experiments and reality

Cited by 21 publications

References 103 publications

The potential bias of nitrogen deposition effects on primary productivity and biodiversity

The potential bias of nitrogen deposition effects on primary productivity and biodiversity

Realistic rates of nitrogen addition increase carbon flux rates but do not change soil carbon stocks in a temperate grassland

Canopy nitrogen application effects on Quercus petraea L. and Fagus sylvatica L. ring width and wood density

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