The Gallon-Jug Shelf-Transfer Test: An Instrument to Evaluate Deteriorating Function in Older Adults

Abstract

This study examined the validity, reliability, and discriminatory capacity of the gallon-jug shelf-transfer (GJST) test. Six hundred fifty-three independent-living older adults (463 women age 72.9 +/- 7.0 years, 190 men age 74.3 +/- 6.7 years) participated. Participants moved five 1-gallon jugs (approximately 3.9 kg) from a knee-high to a shoulder-high shelf as quickly as possible. The GJST showed an exponential performance decline with age, and there were significant correlations between the GJST and common functional tests (p<.001). High within-day and between-days reliability was detected. The test also detected differences resulting from training status (p<.01) and training protocols (p<.05). The GJST is a valid, reliable, inexpensive, safe, and easily administered clinical test for identifying physically vulnerable elders who could benefit from interventions such as exercise to improve their physical capacities and maintain independence.

Functional strength training: Seated machine vs standing cable training to improve physical function in elderly

“…The test has been shown to be valid, reliable, and responsive in elderly population (Signorile et al, 2007). The test involves transfer of five 1-gallon jugs as quickly as possible from a lower shelf, aligned with the participant's patella, to a higher shelf, aligned with the top of the participant's shoulder.…”

WiiFit™ Plus balance test scores for the assessment of balance and mobility in older adults

“…The short ramp had a 5.53 m walking distance at 4.1 degrees angle, and the long ramp had a 19.05 m walking distance at 7.9 degree angle. Assessment of upper body muscular power included the Gallon-Jug Shelf-Transfer Test (GJSTT) [11] and medicine ball chest-press throw test.…”

The Modified Total Body Rotation Test: A Rapid, Reliable Assessment of Physical Function in Older Adults

“…For example, during the gallon-jug shelf task, the individual must have enough lower body strength to support the upper body and serve as an accessory muscle while reaching, shifting body weight, and maintaining balance. 1,3,16 Positive and significant links to the SPPB and the PFP-10 support the use of the MBTR as an additional measure to screen for vulnerability or to assess function, injury, and improvement with treatment. The SPPB has been shown to have a strong association with selfreported disability and physical function.…”

“…The other measures used to assess the validity of the MTBR were conducted according to methods described in the literature for measuring a variety of components that contribute to functionality and measures of physical function. [15][16][17][18] The back-scratch and modified sit-and-reach tests are measurements of flexibility of the lower back and hamstrings and the shoulders, respectively. 15 The gallon-jug shelf task involves upper body and core power (work rate), rotational stability, and some dexterity.…”