2016
DOI: 10.1017/s1473550416000392
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The Galactic Club or Galactic Cliques? Exploring the limits of interstellar hegemony and the Zoo Hypothesis

Abstract: The Zoo solution to Fermi's Paradox proposes that extraterrestrial intelligences (ETIs) have agreed to not contact the Earth. The strength of this solution depends on the ability for ETIs to come to agreement, and establish/police treaties as part of a so-called "Galactic Club". These activities are principally limited by the causal connectivity of a civilisation to its neighbours at its inception, i.e. whether it comes to prominence being aware of other ETIs and any treaties or agreements in place.If even one… Show more

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Cited by 8 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…Using transits as a means of communication may permit intended or unintended off-axis transmissions – in effect, a form of highly directed signal leakage. This may present a more effective means by which humans can scout the local interstellar volume for civilizations transmitting to each other and avoiding the Earth (see also Forgan & Nichol 2010; Forgan 2016).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Using transits as a means of communication may permit intended or unintended off-axis transmissions – in effect, a form of highly directed signal leakage. This may present a more effective means by which humans can scout the local interstellar volume for civilizations transmitting to each other and avoiding the Earth (see also Forgan & Nichol 2010; Forgan 2016).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Optimistic estimates from the Drake equation contrast with the so-called Fermi paradox, which states the apparent contradiction between the expected abundance of life in the Galaxy and the lack of evidence for it (e.g. Hart 1975;Brin 1983;Barlow 2013;Anchordoqui et al 2017;Forgan 2017;Carroll-Nellenback et al 2019;Sotos 2019). There are many propositions aimed at solving this paradox, which make use of statistical (Horvat 2006;Maccone 2015;Solomonides et al 2016) or stochastic approaches (Forgan 2009;Forgan and Rice 2010;Glade et al 2012;Bloetscher 2019).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…On this topic a number of works consider numerical simulations (Forgan 2009(Forgan , 2017Murante et al 2015;Forgan et al 2016;Vukotić et al 2016;Ramirez et al 2017). Although this approach does not rely on values that can be measured from observations (like the fraction of stars with planets), it depends on the definition of unknown or uncertain parameters required to carry out the simulations.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Can‘Super-Earthlings’ still use chemical rockets to leave their planet? This question is relevant for the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) and space colonization (Lingam, 2016; Forgan, 2016, 2017 and Dutil and Dumas, 2010).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%