The G-Force conundrum in platelet-rich fibrin generation: Management of a problem hidden in plain sight

Sneha, Kidambi; Rani, Ajmera Jhansi; Chandra, Rampalli Viswa; Kumar, Sandhya Pavan; Jannu, Rajeev Naren; Muppirala, Srikar

doi:10.4103/ccd.ccd_830_20

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The generation of PRF is a centrifugation-dependent process [16], [17]. Centrifuges work by spinning supernatants around a fixed axis, thereby applying an acceleration force perpendicular to the axis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomorphological Analysis of Liquid PRF Produced with DUO Fixed Angle Centrifuge (Process, France)

Crisci,

Lepore,

Feleppa

et al. 2024

EJBIOMED

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Liquid PRF is a second-generation injectable platelet concentrate rich in platelets, leukocytes, and fibrinogen obtained by centrifugation of autologous blood. Methods: This study aims to analyze the cellular and Fibrinogen content of various types of Liquid PRF (C-PRF liquid, A-PRF liquid, i-PRF, Liquid Fibrinogen) obtained with the use of DUO Fixed Angle Centrifuge (PRF DUO, Process for PRF, Nice, France) with Vacumed FL tubes (code 44909) and/or original S-PRF Sticky tube. An average accumulation of thrombocytes of almost 1.5 times compared to whole blood was found. Due to the high concentration of platelets, PRF-Liquids contain important growth factors for tissue regeneration. Results: In this preliminary study, we have shown that the type of Liquid PRF with a higher content of Platelets (126.3% vs. 109.5%), Monocytes (127.6% vs. 84.6%), with a sufficient content of Lymphocytes (192.9% vs. 242.1%) and Neutrophilic Granulocytes (64.6% vs. 64.8%) and Fibrinogen (67.9% vs. 87.3%), is the i-PRF (700 rpm x 5') obtained with Vacumed FL tube (code 44909) with statistically insignificant differences compared to whole blood, while the content of Lymphocytes and Fibrinogen present in i-PRF (700 rpm x 5') obtained with PRF-S-Sticky tube is higher. In comparison, the content of cells and Fibrinogen obtained with the two methods of preparing PRP is much lower. Conclusions: This indicates that the liquid PRF is more suitable to be used in various cases of tissue regeneration such as facial aesthetics, intra-articular injection, peri-ulcerative injection, etc., is the i-PRF (700 rpm x 5') obtained with a Vacumed FL tube.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomorphological Analysis of Liquid PRF Produced with DUO Fixed Angle Centrifuge (Process, France)

Crisci,

Lepore,

Feleppa

et al. 2024

EJBIOMED

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This variability arises due to the potential differences in RCF values seen at various positions within the centrifuge tube. 4 Additionally, the RCF value is influenced by factors such as the diameter of the tube, angulation, and rotor radius. Inaccuracies in reporting may arise from intrinsic limits in standardising the exact site of a clot, particularly when comparing liquid i-PRF to solid PRP.…”

Section: Dear Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

Letter to editor in response to ‘Tian K, Ye J, Zhong Y, Jia Z, Xu W, Gao S, Cao S, Li K, Wu L. Autologous i‐PRF promotes healing of radiation‐induced skin injury. Wound Repair Regen. 2023;31:454–463’

Sampoornam Pape Reddy,

Francis,

Harish

et al. 2023

Wound Repair Regeneration

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Differences between first‐ and second‐generation autologous platelet concentrates

Calciolari,

Dourou,

Akcali

et al. 2024

Periodontology 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) applied alone or combined with other biomaterials are popular bioactive factors employed in regenerative medicine. The main biological rationale of using such products is to concentrate blood‐derived growth factors and cells into the wound microenvironment to enhance the body's natural healing capacity. First‐generation APC is represented by platelet‐rich plasma (PRP). While different protocols have been documented for PRP preparation, they overall consist of two cycles of centrifugation and have important limitations related to the use of an anticoagulant first and an activator afterward, which may interfere with the natural healing process and the release of bioactive molecules. The second generation of platelet concentrates is represented by leukocyte and platelet‐rich fibrin (L‐PRF). L‐PRF protocols involve a single centrifugation cycle and do not require the use of anticoagulants and activators, which makes the preparation more straight forward, less expensive, and eliminates potential risks associated with the use of activators. However, since no anticoagulant is employed, blood undergoes rapid clotting within the blood collection tube; hence, a timely management of L‐PRF is crucial. This review provides an overview on the most documented protocols for APC preparations and critically discusses the main differences between first‐ and second‐generation APCs in terms of cell content, protein release, and the formation of a 3D fibrin network. It appears evident that the inconsistency in reporting protocol parameters by most studies has contributed to conflicting conclusions regarding the efficacy of different APC formulations and has significantly limited the ability to interpret the results of individual clinical studies. In the future, the use of a standardized classification system, together with a detailed reporting on APC protocol parameters is warranted to make study outcomes comparable. This will also allow to clarify important aspects on the mechanism of action of APCs (like the role of leukocytes and centrifugation parameters) and to optimize the use of APCs in regenerative medicine.

show abstract

The G-Force conundrum in platelet-rich fibrin generation: Management of a problem hidden in plain sight

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Cytomorphological Analysis of Liquid PRF Produced with DUO Fixed Angle Centrifuge (Process, France)

Cytomorphological Analysis of Liquid PRF Produced with DUO Fixed Angle Centrifuge (Process, France)

Letter to editor in response to ‘Tian K, Ye J, Zhong Y, Jia Z, Xu W, Gao S, Cao S, Li K, Wu L. Autologous i‐PRF promotes healing of radiation‐induced skin injury. Wound Repair Regen. 2023;31:454–463’

Differences between first‐ and second‐generation autologous platelet concentrates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About