The future of intrauterine contraception

Os, W. A. A. Van; Edelman, David A.; Badrawi, H. H.

doi:10.1007/bf01849396

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Only a few studies have reported on the return to fertility for past users of the Multiload. Among 360 women who had their Multiloads removed to become pregnant 69.4% of the nulliparas and 83.6% of the multiparas achieved pregnancy [2]. This study also reported on 15 women who had their Multiloads removed because of PID.…”

Section: Return To Fertility After Iud Removalmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Fifteen years' experience with the Multiload IUD

Edelman

1988

Adv Contracept

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The Multiload IUD with an exposed copper surface area of 250 mm2 (MLCu250) was developed in 1972 and has become one of the most widely used IUDs. Modifications to the MLCu250 include an increase in the area of exposed copper wire to 375 mm2 (the MLCu375) and an increase in the diameter of copper wire from 0.3 to 0.4 mm. The Multiload has been evaluated extensively in noncomparative and comparative clinical trials. In these latter studies the MLCu250 performed better than the Cu-7 and TCu-200, and the MLCu375 performed better than the Fincoid or Nova T and about equally as well as the TCu380. Pooled data from over 26,000 insertions of the MLCu250 gave the following 3-year cumulative event rates (per 100 women): pregnancy, 2.0; expulsion, 3.1; removal for pain/bleeding, 7.1. Comparative studies of the Multiload and other IUDs have shown all IUDs in current use are associated with similar rates of pelvic inflammatory disease. IUDs such as the MLCu375 that have larger copper surface areas appear to be associated with lower ectopic pregnancy rates. Follow-up studies of women who have had their Multiloads removed indicate that use of the device does not impair future fertility or affect pregnancy outcome. All IUD users, regardless of the type of IUD used, are at risk of complications. On balance, the benefits of IUD usage far exceed the associated risks.

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Section: Return To Fertility After Iud Removalmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…The most recent addition to the family of Multiload IUDs is the Multiload Mark II [2]. This version of the Multiload was designed to simplify the insertion procedure, reduce the risk of uterine perforation at the time of insertion, and provide greater assurance the IUD is correctly positioned in the uterus after insertion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifteen years' experience with the Multiload IUD

Edelman

1988

Adv Contracept

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“…Clinical trials of this modified device are in progress, and it remains to be seen whether this alteration in design will make insertions easier, especially in nulliparous women, while still maintaining the impressively low pertinent event rates of its predecessor, the MLCu375 IUD [14].…”

Section: The Multiload Mark IImentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The inserter has also been designed to function as a uterine sound and has a one-handed expulsion action. The insertion mechanism is such that the device cannot be pushed beyond the end of the inserter tube, thus limiting the risk of uterine perforation [14].…”

Section: The Fincoid-350mentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of six new intrauterine devices

1994

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A newer generation of IUDs that includes the Copper T-380A/Ag (TCu-380A/Ag) IUDs and the Multiload Copper-375 (MLCu375) IUDs has been developed and marketed. The high efficacy of these IUDs in preventing accidental pregnancies has been equated to that of oral contraceptives and even sterilization. However, the reduction of two other IUD-related pertinent events, namely, expulsion and medical removal due to bleeding and/or pain, has been less impressive. Therefore, efforts are continuing to develop new IUDs. In this paper, the authors review the physical structures of six new IUDs: the CU-SAFE, Cu-Fix, Ombrelle, Fincoid, and Multiload Mark II IUDs, and the intracervical fixing device (ICFD). The clinical performance of the first four devices is also evaluated. Independent, noncomparative studies suggest that all of the four new IUDs may perform as well as, or even better than, the TCu-380A IUD in terms of expulsions and medical removals attributable to bleeding and/or pain. However, we deem these results tentative, and emphasize the need for multi-center, randomized comparative clinical trials with larger sample sizes and long-term follow-up.

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Clinical results with the TCu340 IUD

1988

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A trial was carried out on the TCu340 intrauterine contraceptive device. The IUD was used by 431 women over a period of 2 years. The reasons for IUD removal were analyzed after 1 and 2 years using the life-table method. Later, the authors compared these results with the MLCu375 and the Nova-T, using the coefficient Z of Cramer. The authors concluded that the TCu340 was a high-load IUD with high effectiveness. However, there was a higher incidence of side-effects, such as pain, bleeding and expulsion in comparison to MLCu375.

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The future of intrauterine contraception

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Fifteen years' experience with the Multiload IUD

Fifteen years' experience with the Multiload IUD

An evaluation of six new intrauterine devices

Clinical results with the TCu340 IUD

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