The future of blood‐based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease

Abstract

Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is significantly hampered by the lack of easily accessible biomarkers that can detect disease presence and predict disease risk reliably. Fluid biomarkers of AD currently provide indications of disease stage; however, they are not robust predictors of disease progression or treatment response, and most are measured in cerebrospinal fluid, which limits their applicability. With these aspects in mind, the aim of this article is to underscore the concerted efforts of the Blood-Based Biomarker Interest Group, an international working group of experts in the field. The points addressed include: (1) the major challenges in the development of blood-based biomarkers of AD, including patient heterogeneity, inclusion of the “right” control population, and the blood– brain barrier; (2) the need for a clear definition of the purpose of the individual markers (e.g., prognostic, diagnostic, or monitoring therapeutic efficacy); (3) a critical evaluation of the ongoing biomarker approaches; and (4) highlighting the need for standardization of preanalytical variables and analytical methodologies used by the field.

Perspective on future role of biological markers in clinical therapy trials of Alzheimer's disease: A long-range point of view beyond 2020

“…Since blood is a biofluid much more easily reached and manageable than CSF, searching for consistent blood-borne biomarkers is needed. In this connection, the Blood-Based Biomarker Interest Group (BBBIG), an international working group of leading AD scientists from academia and industry, has been established to scrutinize the present scenario and to support the progress in the field (see Henriksen et al (2013) for a critical perspective on the status of blood-based biomarkers for AD [13]). …”

“…However, significant indications on the existing state of the biomedicine on candidate markers of AD resulting from multiple analytical platforms -encompassing (I) structural/functional/metabolic neuroimaging modalities, (II) neurochemistry methods based on CSF and blood (plasma/serum) examination, (III) neurogenetic analyses, and (IV) procedures for cognitive and functional assessment -have been supplied [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Amary llidaceae Perspectives In Alzheimer´S Disease

“…However, statistics show an exponential rise in the number of cases with the disease. These findings emphasize the enormous and urgent need for develop an effective treatments [44]. Due to the complexity of the disease and increasing of population with advanced age, AD is the public health crisis of the 21 st century [45] and the current pharmacological therapies provide symptomatic improvement alone.…”

Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease: Role of Amyloid-beta and Hyperphosphorylated Tau Protein

“…In AD patients, the accumulated tau proteins are the principal elements of NFT and a major indication for immunohistochemical or biochemical revealing in the central nervous system because it is associated with the complexity of dementia [55] . The presence of these tau proteins therefore, has been examined in biological fluids and peripheral tissues in order to identify an ideal AD marker to use it as an ideal diagnostic tool.…”