The future burden of kidney and bladder cancers preventable by behavior modification in Australia: A pooled cohort study

Laaksonen, Maarit A.; MacInnis, Robert J.; Canfell, Karen; Giles, Graham G.; Hull, Peter; Shaw, Jonathan E.; Cumming, Robert; Gill, Tiffany K.; Banks, Emily; Mitchell, Paul; Byles, Julie; Magliano, Dianna J.; Hirani, Vasant; Connah, David; Vajdic, Claire M.

doi:10.1002/ijc.32420

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…There are important geographical variations in kidney cancer incidence that are only partly understood [2]. Excess bodyweight and related conditions, such as hypertension, diabetes, and related metabolic perturbations, are among the most robustly implicated risk factors for kidney cancer, with support from both traditional observational studies and genetic studies [2][3][4][5][6][7]. For instance, in the United Kingdom, an estimated 24% of kidney cancer cases are attributable to overweight and obesity, making this the leading modifiable risk factor for the disease [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The blood metabolome of incident kidney cancer: A case–control study nested within the MetKid consortium

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Excess bodyweight and related metabolic perturbations have been implicated in kidney cancer aetiology, but the specific molecular mechanisms underlying these relationships are poorly understood. In this study, we sought to identify circulating metabolites that predispose kidney cancer and to evaluate the extent to which they are influenced by body mass index (BMI). Methods and findings We assessed the association between circulating levels of 1,416 metabolites and incident kidney cancer using pre-diagnostic blood samples from up to 1,305 kidney cancer case–control pairs from 5 prospective cohort studies. Cases were diagnosed on average 8 years after blood collection. We found 25 metabolites robustly associated with kidney cancer risk. In particular, 14 glycerophospholipids (GPLs) were inversely associated with risk, including 8 phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and 2 plasmalogens. The PC with the strongest association was PC ae C34:3 with an odds ratio (OR) for 1 standard deviation (SD) increment of 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68 to 0.83, p = 2.6 × 10−8). In contrast, 4 amino acids, including glutamate (OR for 1 SD = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.20 to 1.60, p = 1.6 × 10−5), were positively associated with risk. Adjusting for BMI partly attenuated the risk association for some—but not all—metabolites, whereas other known risk factors of kidney cancer, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, had minimal impact on the observed associations. A mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis of the influence of BMI on the blood metabolome highlighted that some metabolites associated with kidney cancer risk are influenced by BMI. Specifically, elevated BMI appeared to decrease levels of several GPLs that were also found inversely associated with kidney cancer risk (e.g., −0.17 SD change [ßBMI] in 1-(1-enyl-palmitoyl)-2-linoleoyl-GPC (P-16:0/18:2) levels per SD change in BMI, p = 3.4 × 10−5). BMI was also associated with increased levels of glutamate (ßBMI: 0.12, p = 1.5 × 10−3). While our results were robust across the participating studies, they were limited to study participants of European descent, and it will, therefore, be important to evaluate if our findings can be generalised to populations with different genetic backgrounds. Conclusions This study suggests a potentially important role of the blood metabolome in kidney cancer aetiology by highlighting a wide range of metabolites associated with the risk of developing kidney cancer and the extent to which changes in levels of these metabolites are driven by BMI—the principal modifiable risk factor of kidney cancer.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The blood metabolome of incident kidney cancer: A case–control study nested within the MetKid consortium

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, addressing the risk factors remains an important step to decrease the burden of BCa. Reducing tobacco smoking is the most-effective intervention to prevent BCa [54], and healthcare systems should focus the most on this behavior. Secondly, countries at higher risk should reduce the environmental and occupation exposure, and maximize the protection of the people largely exposed to the pollutants [34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A global, regional, and national survey on burden and Quality of Care Index (QCI) of bladder cancer: The global burden of disease study 1990–2019

Shobeiri¹,

Azadnajafabad²,

Masinaei³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Bladder cancer (BCa) is the second most common genitourinary cancer and among the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. We aimed to assess BCa quality of care (QOC) utilizing a novel multi-variable quality of care index (QCI). Materials and methods Data were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease 1990–2019 database. QCI scores were calculated using four indices of prevalence-to-incidence ratio, Disability-Adjusted Life Years-to-prevalence ratio, mortality-to-incidence ratio, and Years of Life Lost-to-Years Lived with Disability ratio. We used principal component analysis to allocate 0–100 QCI scores based on region, age groups, year, and gender. Results Global burden of BCa is on the rise with 524,305 (95% UI 475,952–569,434) new BCa cases and 228,735 (95% UI 210743–243193) deaths in 2019, but age-standardized incidence and mortality rates did not increase. Global age-standardized QCI improved from 75.7% in 1990 to 80.9% in 2019. The European and African regions had the highest and lowest age-standardized QCI of 89.7% and 37.6%, respectively. Higher Socio-demographic index (SDI) quintiles had better QCI scores, ranging from 90.1% in high SDI to 30.2% in low SDI countries in 2019; however, 5-year QCI improvements from 2014 to 2019 were 0.0 for high and 4.7 for low SDI countries. Conclusion The global QCI increased in the last 30 years, but the gender disparities remained relatively unchanged despite substantial improvements in several regions. Higher SDI quintiles had superior QOC and less gender- and age-based inequalities compared to lower SDI countries. We encourage countries to implement the learned lessons and improve their QOC shortcomings.

show abstract

“…While the effect of smoking on the BCa burden is more obvious in high-SDI countries than in low-SDI countries, this may be because low-SDI countries are mostly concentrated in Africa, and the histological subtype of BCa in most parts of Africa has historically been squamous cell carcinoma linked to schistosomiasis [19]. Stopping smoking is the most-effective way to reduce the BCa burden, possibly protecting 30% of males and 28% of the population aged < 65 years from the incidence of BCa [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global, regional, and national burdens of bladder cancer in 2017: estimates from the 2017 global burden of disease study

Xie

Chen

et al. 2020

BMC Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence and mortality of bladder cancer (BCa) using data obtained in the Global Burden of Disease study performed in 2017 (GBD 2017). Methods Data on BCa for 2017, including prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), were obtained from GBD 2017 at the global, regional, and national levels. We also analyzed the association of BCa burden with the country development level. Results There were 2.63 million BCa cases estimated from the GBD 2017 data, with 200,000 persons dying of BCa, resulting in 3.60 million DALYs in 2017. The age-standardized prevalence (ASP) of BCa was 32.91/100,000 persons, and age-standardized death rate (ASDR) was 2.57/100,000 persons. The ASP and ASDR of BCa were higher in males than in females, and higher in people older than 60 years. The ASP and ASDR of BCa were higher in Western Europe and Central Europe than in South Asia, Andean Latin America, and Central Latin America, and higher in countries with a higher sociodemographic index (SDI). Correlation analysis identified that the ASP and ASDR of BCa were positively correlated with the country SDI (P < 0.0001 and ρ = 0.68 for ASP, and P = 0.0048 and ρ = 0.20 for ASDR). In addition, 33.72% deaths and 36.80% DALYs caused by BCa could be attributed to smoking globally. Conclusion The prevalence and mortality of BCa were very high in 2017, especially in high-SDI countries. Smoking-cessation strategies should be strengthened to control the burden associated with BCa.

show abstract

The future burden of kidney and bladder cancers preventable by behavior modification in Australia: A pooled cohort study

Cited by 20 publications

References 18 publications

The blood metabolome of incident kidney cancer: A case–control study nested within the MetKid consortium

The blood metabolome of incident kidney cancer: A case–control study nested within the MetKid consortium

A global, regional, and national survey on burden and Quality of Care Index (QCI) of bladder cancer: The global burden of disease study 1990–2019

Global, regional, and national burdens of bladder cancer in 2017: estimates from the 2017 global burden of disease study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About