The fusiform response to faces: Explicit versus implicit processing of emotion

Monroe, Justin F.; Griffin, Mark; Pinkham, Amy E.; Loughead, James; Gur, Ruben C.; Roberts, Timothy P.L.; Edgar, J. Christopher

doi:10.1002/hbm.21406

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(172 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, the strength of functional coupling of these regions during reappraisal (versus look‐negative) was found to be negatively associated with age, highlighting the possibility that such feed‐forward modulation may be greater among younger participants. The role of the fusiform gyrus in reappraisal is also consistent with the use of complex social images in our task, which overwhelmingly contained human faces [Kawasaki et al, ; Monroe et al, ; Vrtička et al, ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Brain functional correlates of emotion regulation across adolescence and young adulthood

et al. 2015

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Few studies have examined the neural correlates of emotion regulation across adolescence and young adulthood. Existing studies of cognitive reappraisal indicate that improvements in regulatory efficiency may develop linearly across this period, in accordance with maturation of prefrontal cortical systems. However, there is also evidence for adolescent differences in reappraisal specific to the activation of "social-information processing network" regions, including the amygdala and temporal-occipital cortices. Here, we use fMRI to examine the neural correlates of emotional reactivity and reappraisal in response to aversive social imagery in a group of 78 adolescents and young adults aged 15-25 years. Within the group, younger participants exhibited greater activation of temporal-occipital brain regions during reappraisal in combination with weaker suppression of amygdala reactivity-the latter being a general correlate of successful reappraisal. Further analyses demonstrated that these age-related influences on amygdala reactivity were specifically mediated by activation of the fusiform face area. Overall, these findings suggest that enhanced processing of salient social cues (i.e., faces) increases reactivity of the amygdala during reappraisal and that this relationship is stronger in younger adolescents. How these relationships contribute to well-known vulnerabilities of emotion regulation during this developmental period will be an important topic for ongoing research.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Brain functional correlates of emotion regulation across adolescence and young adulthood

et al. 2015

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“…Because adolescence is an important period for social cognitive processing (Blakemore & Mills, 2014), it is plausible that individuals are more sensitive to their mothers' perspective following a brief instance of misbehavior. Indeed, the TPJ, mPPC, and dmPFC are implicated in perspective taking and mentalizing processes (Blakemore & Mills, 2014), while the fusiform is involved in processing social and emotional salience (Van Bavel, Packer & Cunningham, 2011;McRae, Gross, Weber, Robertson, Sokol-Hessner et al, 2012;Monroe, Griffin, Pinkham, Loughead, Gur et al, 2013), suggesting that adolescents may be processing their risky choices while in the presence of their mothers as a more socially salient event. More broadly, these findings can help address how brain regions involved in social cognitive processes are implicated in decision-making processes and risk-taking contexts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mother still knows best: Maternal influence uniquely modulates adolescent reward sensitivity during risk taking

Moreira

Telzer

2016

Developmental Science

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Adolescent decision-making is highly sensitive to input from the social environment. In particular, adult and maternal presence influence adolescents to make safer decisions when encountered with risky scenarios. However, it is currently unknown whether maternal presence confers a greater advantage than mere adult presence in buffering adolescent risk taking. In the current study, 23 adolescents completed a risk-taking task during an fMRI scan in the presence of their mother and an unknown adult. Results reveal that maternal presence elicits greater activation in reward-related neural circuits when making safe decisions but decreased activation following risky choices. Moreover, adolescents evidenced a more immature neural phenotype when making risky choices in the presence of an adult compared to mother, as evidenced by positive functional coupling between the ventral striatum and medial prefrontal cortex. Our results underscore the importance of maternal stimuli in bolstering adolescent decision-making in risky scenarios.

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“…To cope with this issue, a recent approach has been proposed in [56]. It consists of erasing segments of time series which are corrupted by very large head movements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between functional connectivity and scale-free dynamics in intrinsic fMRI networks

2014

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Studies employing functional connectivity-type analyses have established that spontaneous fluctuations in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals are organized within large-scale brain networks. Meanwhile, fMRI signals have been shown to exhibit 1/f-type power spectra – a hallmark of scale-free dynamics. We studied the interplay between functional connectivity and scale-free dynamics in fMRI signals, utilizing the fractal connectivity framework – a multivariate extension of the univariate fractional Gaussian noise model, which relies on a wavelet formulation for robust parameter estimation. We applied this framework to fMRI data acquired from healthy young adults at rest and performing a visual detection task. First, we found that scale-invariance existed beyond univariate dynamics, being present also in bivariate cross-temporal dynamics. Second, we observed that frequencies within the scale-free range do not contribute evenly to inter-regional connectivity, with a systematically stronger contribution of the lowest frequencies, both at rest and during task. Third, in addition to a decrease of the Hurst exponent and inter-regional correlations, task performance modified cross-temporal dynamics, inducing a larger contribution of the highest frequencies within the scale-free range to global correlation. Lastly, we found that across individuals, a weaker task modulation of the frequency contribution to inter-regional connectivity was associated with better task performance manifesting as shorter and less variable reaction times. These findings bring together two related fields that have hitherto been studied separately – resting-state networks and scale-free dynamics, and show that scale-free dynamics of human brain activity manifest in cross-regional interactions as well.

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The fusiform response to faces: Explicit versus implicit processing of emotion

Cited by 36 publications

References 86 publications

Brain functional correlates of emotion regulation across adolescence and young adulthood

Brain functional correlates of emotion regulation across adolescence and young adulthood

Mother still knows best: Maternal influence uniquely modulates adolescent reward sensitivity during risk taking

Interplay between functional connectivity and scale-free dynamics in intrinsic fMRI networks

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