The fungal microcosm of the internodes of Spartina alterniflora

Gessner, Robert; Goos, R. D.; Sieburth, J. Mc N.

doi:10.1007/bf00347748

Cited by 36 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the percentage of the total microbial biomass attributable to fungi for the tropical seagrasses and mangrove in this study is much less than for Spartina alterniflora in other locations where similar microscopic techniques were used for estimation of hyphal f u n g (Newell & Hicks 1982). The pattern of microbial succession on the decaying plant material used in this study also differs from that observed for Spartina alterniflora by Gessner et al (1972), who found that living cordgrass is initially colonized by a parasitic fungus Buergenerula spartinae. Although quantitative measurements were not made, the authors asserted that during senescence, this fungus and other saprobic fungi developed a substantial biomass on the standing-dead plant material.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 79%

Abundance of bacteria and fungi in seagrass and mangrove detritus

Blum¹,

Mills²,

Zieman³

et al. 1988

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Microbial (bacterial and fungal) biomass associated with decaying Thalassia testudnum, Syringodium fdiforme, Halodule wnghtii, and Rhizophora mangle, incubated in litter bags in Florida Bay, was estimated from direct microscopic determinations of microbial abundance and cell volume. Bacterial biomass predominated throughout decomposition, with fungi usually constituting 0 to 20 % of the total microbial biomass. Total microbial biomass was never greater than 1.2 % of detrital mass, and in most cases was substantially less than 1.0 %. Based on these results, it is unlikely that detritivores that feed by ingestion of detrital particles can rely solely on microorganisms as an energy source.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 79%

Abundance of bacteria and fungi in seagrass and mangrove detritus

Blum¹,

Mills²,

Zieman³

et al. 1988

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…The results presented suggest that bacteria are primarily responsible for the decomposition and subsequent utilisation of kelp debris on the strandline, rather than fungi, which are generally reported to be responsible for the initial phases of decomposition of allochthonous material (Kaushik and Hynes, 1971;Gessner et al, 1972;Park, 1972;Suberkropp andKlug, 1974, 1976). There is also a definite microbial succession: primary colonisation is effected by cocci, which become established along the superficial junctions of the epidermal cell walls (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…HowardWilliams et al (1978) and Robb et al (1979) have also found that primary microbial decomposition of the I.M.E.R., Prospect Place, Plymouth, U.K brackish water sago pond weed Potamogeton pectinatus is associated with bacteria rather than with fungi, which are generally regarded as the initial decomposers of allochthonous material in terrestrial and freshwater habitats (Gessner et al, 1972).…”

Section: Microbial Colonisation Of Kelp Debris On the Strandlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation and Carbon Flow Based on Kelp (Ecklonia maxima) Debris in a Sandy Beach Microcosm

Koop¹,

Newell²,

Lucas³

1982

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Primary decon~position of intertidally stranded kelp Ecklonia maxima in a mixed substrate microcosm is effected by bacteria rather than by fungi, which are generally reported to be responsible for the initial decomposition phases of debris in other habitats. Initial colonisation by cocci along the junctions of epidermal cell walls leads to lysis and release of cell contents. Lysed cells are then colonised by bacterial rods. High concentrations of leachates, reaching 5640 mg carbon 1-' subsequently appear beneath the decomposing kelp. Over 90 % of the carbon in these leachates is utilised by bacteria during drainage through a strip of sand 1 m long, 50 cm wide and 12 cm deep,although on an open beach other organisms, e . g. nematodes, may be capable of direct absorption of such organic matter. Calculation of carbon flow via grazing invertebrates and through bacteria shows that 23-27 % of the carbon in kelp is converted to bacterial carbon. This relationship occurs despite wide variations in direct consumption by grazers, since much of the consumed material is returned to the microcosm as faeces. Estimates of the bacterial carbon in equilibrium with the kelp cast up on the strandline suggest that 1648 g of kelp carbon is deposited per metre of strandline each 8 d and that this is capable of supporting a bacterial production of 444.9 g carbon m-' of beach per 8 d cycle; this accords well with recent observations on the biomass of bacteria in the beach itself. The residual 73-77 % of kelp carbon which is not incorporated ~n t o bacteria is mineralised by the sand beach microbes within 8 d. The microbial community thus occupies a central role in the rapid regeneration of inorganic materials necessary to support the characteristically high primary production of the kelp bed.

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“…Background Electron Microscopy of Lignocellulolysis As an alternative to the empirical route for determination of the LC-lytic capabilities of cordgrass ascomycetes, we chose to follow the lead of wood-decay science (Adaskaveg et al, 1991;Blanchette, 1991;Eriksson et al, 1990) and examine cordgrass-ascomycete LC-lysis in as direct a fashion as possible: by electron-microscopically examining the interactions that occur in nature between fungal hyphae and cordgrass LC. Gessner et al (1972) recorded the colonization of internodal surfaces of smooth cordgrass by Buergenerula spartinae Kohlm. & Gessner via scanning electron microscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%