The fungal ability for biobleaching/biopulping/bioremediation of lignin-like compounds of agro-industrial raw material

Abstract

publicado na web em 13/06/2017 Lignin is present in plant cell secondary wall, associated to carbohydrates preventing their efficient hydrolysis, and cellulose pulp manufacture basically consists in breaking down the middle lamella of plant cells, individualizing fibers such as cellulose from the other biopolymers. Different levels of lignocellulose are found in plant residues and they can be decomposed by extracellular fungal lignin modifying enzymes, used as a tool to reduce waste materials in contaminated soils and effluents. In the paper mill industries, for instance, they are a suitable or complementary alternative to the traditional methods of pulping/bleaching, contributing to improve paper strength as well as to reduce the pitch content, the quantity of chemicals and the consume of electrical energy. The aim of this review was to describe the fungal degradation of lignocellulosic like-material, the non-specific enzymatic aspects of the attack of wood and agricultural wastes, the fungal ability for biosorption and bioconversion, and its applications in the pulp/paper industry and bioremediation.

Biorefining Potential of Wild-Grown Arundo donax, Cortaderia selloana and Phragmites australis and the Feasibility of White-Rot Fungi-Mediated Pretreatments

“…The relevance of using WRF-mediated biomass pretreatments is that these organisms can degrade lignin more readily than holocellulose (Valmaseda et al, 1991;Taniguchi et al, 2005;Abdel-Hamid et al, 2013;López et al, 2017). By comparing the FTIR-ATR spectra of stem biomass treated with WRF with the spectra from NF controls, it was observed that they are less affected by the fungal pretreatment than leaves (Figure 4).…”

“…Lignin degradation mechanisms require oxidative rather than hydrolytic processes, and ligninolytic agents must have wide substrate specificity and act synergistically. WRF have developed ligninolytic enzymatic machineries, including a wide range of peroxidases and laccases (Ruiz-Dueñas and Martínez, 2009;Dashtban et al, 2010;López et al, 2017). These diverse enzymatic pools allow WRF to deal with different compositional and structural aspects and depolymerise lignin.…”

“…The primary focus of our work was to assess the biorefinery potential of wild-grown spontaneous grass biomass from marginal lands and characterise the mechanism of action of innovative processing methodologies, by combining chemical and biological approaches (Figure 1). For biomass pretreatment, we employed three WRF species, which preferentially degrade lignin rather than holocellulose (Taniguchi et al, 2005;Abidi et al, 2014;López et al, 2017): Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma lucidum and Trametes versicolor. These were applied alone or in combination with a mild alkali pretreatment.…”

Agricultural Residues as an Alternative Source of Fibre for the Production of Paper in Kenya-A Review

“…The pulping process reduces the fibrous mass of the non-wood and breaks down the interlinking bonds of the biomass hence making them more suitable for the papermaking process [48]. The most widely used pulping methods are mechanical pulping, chemical pulping, semichemical pulping [49,50] or bio pulping [51].…”

Characteristics of Effluent from Formic Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Pulping of Kenaf Stem

“…The pulping process reduces the fibrous mass of the non-wood and breaks down the interlinking bonds of the biomass hence making them more suitable for the papermaking process. The most widely used pulping methods are mechanical pulping, chemical pulping, semi-chemical pulping or bio pulping [12,13,14,15]. The chemical pulping method involves the addition of chemicals that eventually separates the fibres through degradation of the lignin and hemicelluloses into small water-soluble molecules.…”