The Functions of Autobiographical Memory

Hyman, Ira E.; Faries, Jeremiah M.

doi:10.1007/978-94-015-7967-4_12

Cited by 108 publications

(117 citation statements)

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“…In agreement with speculations and research suggesting that memory directives are difficult to access through goal-directed and strategic retrieval (Hyman & Faries, 1992;Pillemer, 2003), we have found longer response times for the directive memories than for self-or social memories, as well as lower ratings for the directive function than for the self-and social functions across five different classes of memories. However, we did not find the predicted relation between the directive function and involuntary recall.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…One way of addressing this concern is to consider the presence of each function as a matter of degree rather than as a binary decision. Others have proposed possible relations between the three functions and basic memory characteristics, such as content, emotional valence, or accessibility of the memories (e.g., Bluck & Alea, 2002;Hyman & Faries, 1992), suggesting that different types of memories may serve some functions more than others. However, very little research has been conducted in order to clarify this matter.…”

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Emotional valence and the functions of autobiographical memories: Positive and negative memories serve different functions

2009

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

Emotional valence and the functions of autobiographical memories: Positive and negative memories serve different functions

2009

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“…They also found that individuals who reported bumping their right side showed a significant leftward bias on line bisection (i.e., bisect to the left of centre), illustrating a potential relationship between lateralized bumping and another measure of perceptual asymmetry. However, as self-report measures are susceptible to false memory (Hyman & Loftus, 1998;Winograd, Peluso, & Glover, 1998) they may not reflect real-world behaviour, making an objective behavioural measure desirable. Nicholls and colleagues (2007) further investigated lateralized bumping by constructing an adjustable doorway for participants to walk through.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper and lower visual field differences in perceptual asymmetries

Elias

2011

Brain Research

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Neurologically normal individuals show a leftward spatial bias and tend to collide with objects on the right side more frequently than on the left. The upper visual field is associated with extrapersonal space, and mediated by the ventral stream through parvocellular projections.The lower visual field is associated with peripersonal space, and mediated by the dorsal stream through magnocellular projections. Upper and lower visual field differences have been observed in perceptual asymmetries but results have been mixed. Object-and space-based coordinates also both influence the leftward bias; however their relative contributions are unknown as similar spatial conditions are often collapsed across. More left-side collisions emerged on a route following task in the lower visual field and more right-side collisions were seen in the upper visual field (Thomas, Stuckel, Gutwin, & Elias, 2009). Left-handers made more right-side collisions in the central condition, whereas right-handers showed no bias. Leftward biases on the greyscales task were stronger in the lower visual field; however no distance-based differences were observed (Thomas & Elias, 2010). A stronger spatial bias was found on the greyscales task, whereas a stronger object-based bias was found on the object luminosity task (Thomas & Elias, in press). When individual spatial conditions were examined, the image chosen most often was always located in the lower field. Stimulus type and spatial location interacted to determine which coordinate type contributes more strongly to leftward biases. We also found that the leftward bias on the greyscales task was stronger in the lower visual field during prolonged presentation and in the upper visual field during brief presentation. A global motion task was created to preferentially engage magnocellular projections to the dorsal stream. Isoluminant red/green and blue/yellow colour tasks, which preferentially engage parvocellular projections to the ventral stream, were also created. Leftward biases were seen on the greyscales and motion tasks. On an isoluminant colour task, biases were significantly weakened, suggesting

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“…Se puede aventurar que en todos esos años seguramente relató muchas veces lo ocurrido en Atenas, en conversaciones en torno al fuego o la mesa, y es posible que en cada recuento haya ido agregando detalles ocurridos en otro tiempo o lugar. Este proceso de creación o construcción de recuerdos falsos está bien documentado 33 . La concepción de enfermedad en la época, el uso de conceptos hipocráticos como el de las crisis en determinados días o el ya mencionado del fl ujo y fi jación de la enfermedad son también argumentos a favor de una construcción del cuadro de la plaga que calza con la concepción griega de enfermedad.…”

Section: Diagnóstico Diferencialunclassified

¿Qué fue la plaga de Atenas?

2011

Rev. chil. infectol.

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In the year 430 B.C., at the beginning of the second year of the Peloponessian War, a terrible epidemic fell upon Athens and the most populous cities in Attica. It would last for just over four years and it would kill 100.000 people, a quarter to a third of the population. We know about it through the masterly description made by Thucydides in his History of the Peloponnesian War. His narrative has withstood twenty fi ve centuries due to its medical interest and, above all, its great dramatic force. The description of symptoms and signs, their evolution, and the consequences upon persons and moral and social order has captivated physicians, philologists and classical historians ever since. It has inspired literary works and hundreds of medical articles, with no agreement having been reached upon its cause or consequences, or if it is history or tragedy, or even if there is a single answer to these alternatives.Key words: Plague, epidemics, Thucydides, history of Medicine. Palabras clave: Plaga, epidemias, Tucídides, historia de la Medicina. Pontificia UniversidadCatólica de Chile. Facultad de MedicinaDivisión de Anestesiología y Programa de Estudios MédicosHumanísticos.No hay conflictos de interés. Recibido: 7 de mayo de 2011Correspondencia a:Jorge Dagnino Sepúlveda jdagnino@med.puc.cl E sparta, que lideraba la liga del Peloponeso invadió Ática en el año 431 a.C iniciando así una brutal lucha fraticida que duraría veintisiete años y cambiaría irreversiblemente el mundo griego y la civilización antigua 1 (Figura 1). Apenas habían transcurrido cincuenta años desde las épicas batallas en las Termópilas, y luego en Salamina y Platea, donde los griegos entonces unidos enfrentaron y derrotaron al enorme ejército persa invasor en la segunda de las guerras médicas. Esta improbable victoria ante fuerzas inmensamente superiores en número fue seguida por décadas de gran desarrollo económico y cultural, particularmente en Atenas, con seminales avances en las artes, las ciencias y la medicina. Entre los líderes atenienses sobresale Pericles, cuya habilidad política y militar facilitaría el desarrollo del imperio ateniense en el siglo que lleva su nombre. Al desatarse las hostilidades, Pericles, consciente de la superioridad de los hoplitas espartanos en el combate terrestre, impuso la estrategia de dejar los campos a merced del ejército invasor, protegiendo a la población en Atenas y su puerto, el Pireo. Estas ciudades estaban amuralladas y se encontraban unidas por un largo corredor defendido por las Murallas Largas que Temístocles había erigido al retirarse el ejército persa (Figura 2). Este complejo fortifi cado constituía una posición inexpugnable para las posibilidades bélicas de la época, mientras que la conexión marítima y la hegemonía ateniense en el mar aseguraban el abastecimiento indefi nido de la población y permitían desarrollar ataques en las costas del territorio enemigo. A consecuencias de esta estrategia, la población de Atenas se había cuadruplicado con los refugiados, muchos de los cuales vivían hacinados ...

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The Functions of Autobiographical Memory

Cited by 108 publications

References 9 publications

Emotional valence and the functions of autobiographical memories: Positive and negative memories serve different functions

Emotional valence and the functions of autobiographical memories: Positive and negative memories serve different functions

Upper and lower visual field differences in perceptual asymmetries

¿Qué fue la plaga de Atenas?

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