The functioning of social support in long-term prevention after spinal cord injury. A qualitative study

Fort, M. Le; Lefèvre, C.; Kiény, P.; Perrouin-Verbe, B.; Ravaud, Jean‐François

doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2020.10.007

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Social support has previously demonstrated relevance in understanding who does and does not thrive after TSCI (Tough et al, 2017), and it has shown signs of mediating the association between extraversion and happiness in other populations (Tan et al, 2018). In particular, for adults with chronic TSCI, good social support may yield benefits and improvements in life-sustaining activities (e.g., health self-management; Le Fort et al, 2021). From a hierarchical perspective, good health is likely a prerequisite for psychological flourishing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flourishing after traumatic spinal cord injury: Results from a multimethod study.

Allaire¹,

Perera²,

Drossel³

et al. 2022

Rehabilitation Psychology

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Purpose/Objective: Adverse outcomes after traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) are not ubiquitous; that is, it is possible to thrive in the years after injury. Accordingly, we examined both the association between various factors and psychological flourishing, or ideal mental health, after TSCI, as well as the characteristics of adults with average or higher levels of psychological flourishing in terms of personality, social support, and executive functioning. Research Design: This study included two phases. In Phase 1, we collected information on demographic, health, and psychosocial variables from 449 adults with chronic TSCI using a mail survey. In Phase 2, we completed individual in-person assessments with a subset of 58 individuals from Phase 1 who had endorsed at least average levels of psychological flourishing and collected data using standardized measures of personality, social support, and executive functioning. Results: Phase 1 data indicated that being married, viewing oneself favorably in comparison to others, and reporting better subjective health ratings were significantly associated with higher levels of psychological flourishing. Phase 2 data suggested that, as a cohort, participants tended to display a resilient personality profile, report high-average levels of social support, and perform grossly within normal limits on a measure of executive functioning. Conclusion/ Implications: Our findings highlight factors associated with positive psychological outcomes after TSCI. A resilient personality profile, good social support, and unimpaired executive functioning capabilities appear to characterize adults who flourish with chronic TSCI. Impact and ImplicationsOur data indicated that, among adults with chronic TSCI, psychosocial factors (i.e., social comparison and health self-perception) are more strongly associated with psychological flourishing than either injury-related factors (i.e., NLI, injury completeness, and time since injury), medical complications (i.e., secondary conditions), or socioeconomic factors (i.e., household income, employment), underscoring the importance of evidence-based psychotherapies that directly target these psychosocial factors (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy; CBT) as a key approach for achieving positive outcomes. Adults who flourish with chronic TSCI appear to display distinct psychological attributes characterized by a resilient personality profile, high levels of social support, and at least adequate levels of executive functioning. Future studies of quality of life among adults with TSCI and other disabilities should include standardized measures of personality, social support, and cognitive functioning to explore the role these potentially modifiable variables have in influencing outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…happiness in other populations (Tan et al, 2018). In particular, for adults with chronic TSCI, good social support may yield benefits and improvements in life-sustaining activities (e.g., health selfmanagement; Le Fort et al, 2021). From a hierarchical perspective, good health is likely a prerequisite for psychological flourishing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flourishing after traumatic spinal cord injury: Results from a multimethod study.

Allaire¹,

Perera²,

Drossel³

et al. 2022

Rehabilitation Psychology

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“…Therefore, it is required that these patients receive social and financial support from governmental and social welfare organizations, as well as charitable foundations. In accordance, the results of another study showed that social organizations and foundations supporting hospitalized patients and other vulnerable groups of society can play a major role in safeguarding the psychological security of these people [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Exploring caregivers’ perceptions of community-based service requirements of patients with spinal cord injury: a qualitative study

Galehdar

Heydari

2023

BMC Prim. Care

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Background The incidence of spinal cord injury is increasing worldwide. Patients with spinal cord injury and their families face many difficulties during the disease course. Caregivers are more involved with these patients than anyone else, so recognizing patients’ care requirements based on caregivers’ opinions can facilitate care provision to these people. The purpose of this study was to explore caregivers’ perceptions of the community-based services requirements of patients with spinal cord injury. Methods This qualitative research was conducted in Iran from Apr 2021 to Dec 2022 using the conventional content analysis method. The participants in the study included family caregivers and providers of home care services to patients with spinal cord injury, who were selected by purposeful sampling. Data were collected by conducting 14 face-to-face interviews and analyzed based on the method proposed by Lundman and Graneheim. Results Data analysis led to the extraction of 815 primary codes, which were organized into two themes: community reintegration (with two categories, including the need to provide a suitable social platform and lifelong care) and palliative care (with two categories, including family conference and survival management). Conclusion Social facilities and infrastructure should be modified in a way that patients with spinal cord injury can appropriately benefit from community-based care services and an independent satisfactory life. Palliative care should be continuously provided from the time of lesion development until the patient’s death.

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“…Nine of the 32 quantitative studies addressing psychosocial adjustment of caregivers included social support as a component. Social support has been defined as “an exchange of resources between individuals to improve the health, functioning and well-being of the recipient” (Le Fort et al, 2020, p. 1). Across studies, increased caregiver social support correlated with decreased depression, anxiety, and burden (Chan et al, 2000; Chandler et al, 2007; Morlett-Paredes et al, 2014; Rodakowski et al, 2012b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of how spinal cord injury impacts families.

Wilson¹,

DeDios-Stern²,

Bocage³

et al. 2022

Rehabilitation Psychology

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Purpose/Objective: This systematic review synthesizes the existing literature on the impact of spinal cord injury (SCI) on families, including parenting, marital relations, and caregivers’ psychological adjustment. Research Method/Design: Seven databases were searched for relevant peer-reviewed studies. Dissertations, chapters, editorials, and review articles were excluded. Sixty-six studies that examined SCI’s impact on caregivers and families were included. Results: The review included 55 quantitative studies, 10 qualitative studies, and one study that utilized both methodologies. Among the quantitative psychosocial adjustment studies, as well as the qualitative studies, lack of social support was associated with an increased sense of burden, stress, depression, anxiety, and poorer physical health in caregivers. In the family relationship studies (n = 7), few significant differences were found in family functioning. Marital relationship studies (n = 12) frequently examined intimacy (sex, partner affirmations, and emotional support) as an important facet for determining positive or negative outcomes when one partner had SCI. However, divorce rates appeared to increase over time postinjury. Though few studies investigated caregiver needs and interventions (n = 5), needs for social support and information were identified, and several interventions (e.g., family education, more social support, and problem-solving training) were beneficial for promoting caregivers’ psychosocial adjustment. Conclusions: SCI significantly impacts caregivers’ sense of burden and psychological distress, with major implications for family functioning and caregivers’ physical, mental, and social health. These issues occurred internationally and endured over time. Findings indicated the need for focused interventions to support caregivers’ psychosocial adjustment after SCI.

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The functioning of social support in long-term prevention after spinal cord injury. A qualitative study

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Flourishing after traumatic spinal cord injury: Results from a multimethod study.

Flourishing after traumatic spinal cord injury: Results from a multimethod study.

Exploring caregivers’ perceptions of community-based service requirements of patients with spinal cord injury: a qualitative study

A systematic review of how spinal cord injury impacts families.

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