The functional role of the corpus callosum in the developing visual system: A review

Elberger, Andrea J.

doi:10.1016/0301-0082(82)90003-x

Cited by 48 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 135 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In rats the myelination of the corpus callosum begins around the 13 th day of birth, increasing a lot at the end of the 1 st month, but this continues until the 10 th month of age 26 . The presence of a big number of neuroglia cells on the corpus callosum of the younger animals indicates a role of these cells in the axonal myelination process, as after the increase in the number of fibers with myelin as time goes by, the neuroglia cells are inclined to reduce in number.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of corpus callosum in experimental hydrocephalic wistar rats

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PURPOSE: Hydrocephalus causes countless cerebral damages, especially on the structures around the ventricles. Hydrocephalic children present deficiencies in the nonverbal skills more than in the verbal skills, and not always revertible with an early treatment. As the corpus callosum has an important role in the nonverbal acquisition it is possible that the injuries in this structure are responsible for the cognitive dysfunctions of these children. This present study tries to establish the alterations caused by hydrocephalus on the corpus callosum of developing Wistar rats, induced by intracisternal injection of kaolin. METHODS : Seven, fourteen and twenty one days after the injection, the animals were killed, and the corpus callosum was dissected and prepared for the study of the axonal fibers. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The seven-day old rats in hydrocephalus development presented a delay in myelination in relation to the control rats. With the fourteen-day old rats in hydrocephalus development the corpus callosum showed a recovery of myelin, but with the twenty one-day old rats in hydrocephalus development the axonal fibers were damaged and reduced in number.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of corpus callosum in experimental hydrocephalic wistar rats

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The corpus callosum is the most prominent white matter tract in the brain connecting the two hemispheres, and has a prolonged sequence of maturation. In humans, this structure completes its myelination at 10 years of age (Elberger, 1982). Thus, the corpus callosum is potentially vulnerable to developmental insults for an extended period of time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we present data from newborn animals, these being part of an experimental series examining long term effects in 6 month juveniles and 2 year adults. Compared to the optic nerve, the corpus callosum is immature at the time of corticosteroid administration and has a prolonged sequence of myelination that continues into postnatal life (Elberger, 1982). We hypothesized that the immaturity of the corpus callosum would increase its susceptibility to repeated corticosteroids resulting in myelination deficits that would persist at term (Huang et al, 1999b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated prenatal corticosteroid administration delays myelination of the corpus callosum in fetal sheep

Huang

Harper²,

Evans

et al. 2001

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glucocorticoids regulate oligodendrocyte maturation and the myelin biosynthetic pathways. Synthetic glucocorticoids, the corticosteroids have been successfully used in clinical practice as a single course to enhance lung maturation and reduce mortality and morbidity in preterm infants with no long-term neurologic or cognitive side effects. However, a trend has arisen to use repeated courses despite an absence of safety data from clinical trials. We examined the effects of clinically appropriate, maternally administrated, repeated courses of corticosteroids on myelination of the corpus callosum using sheep as a large animal model. The corpus callosum is a major white matter tract that undergoes protracted myelination, underpins higher order cognitive processing and developmental damage to which is associated with, for example, cerebral palsy, mental retardation and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pregnant ewes were given saline or betamethasone (0.5 mg/kg) at 104,111,118 and 124 days gestation, stages equivalent to the third trimester in humans. Lambs were delivered at 145 days (term), perfused and the corpus callosum examined light and electron microscopically. Total axon numbers were unaffected (P>0.05). However, myelination was significantly delayed. Myelinated axons were 5.7% in the experimental group and 9.2% in controls (P<0.05); conversely, unmyelinated axons were 88.3 and 83.7% (P<0.05). Myelinated axon diameter and myelin sheath thickness were also reduced (0.68 vs. 0.94 and 0.11 vs. 0.14 microm, P<0.05). Our data suggest that repeated prenatal corticosteroid administration delays myelination of the corpus callosum and that further safety data are needed to evaluate clinical practice.

show abstract

“…The corpus callosum has been the subject of intensive study in terms of its connectivity and developmental functional implications (see review by Elberger, 1982), but little is known about its neurochemical categorization. In cats, callosal connections of the posterior lateral and medial lateral suprasylvian areas (PLLS and PMLS) may use aspartate (Asp) or a related substance (Hicks & Guedes, 1981.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Labeling of Visual Corpus Callosum Connections with Aspartate in Cat and Rat?

Elberger

1989

Vis Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tritiated neurotransmitter candidates were unilaterally injected in visual cortical regions with abundant corpus callosum connections. D-aspartate (Asp) or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was injected along the area 17/18 border in cat, and the area 17/18a and 17/18b borders in rat. Retrograde Asp label was found contralaterally in supragranular and infragranular laminae in areas 17, 18, 19, PMLS, and PLLS in cat, and in areas 29, 18b, 17, and 18a in rat. No contralateral GABA label was found in cat or rat. Thus, the cat and rat corpus callosum may use Asp or a related substance as a neurotransmitter.

show abstract

The functional role of the corpus callosum in the developing visual system: A review

Cited by 48 publications

References 135 publications

Study of corpus callosum in experimental hydrocephalic wistar rats

Study of corpus callosum in experimental hydrocephalic wistar rats

Repeated prenatal corticosteroid administration delays myelination of the corpus callosum in fetal sheep

Selective Labeling of Visual Corpus Callosum Connections with Aspartate in Cat and Rat?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About