The Functional Power of the Human Milk Proteome

Zhu, Jing; Dingess, Kelly A.

doi:10.3390/nu11081834

Cited by 84 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…By comparison to peptide sequences and their known functions, more than 300 of these peptides are considered as bioactive [ 13 ]. Until now, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and opioid-like functions, as well as antithrombotic and anti-hypertensive effects, have been reported for bioactive peptides [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Findings indicate that milk peptides can have additional physiological effects, such as antioxidant activity [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Storage Conditions on the Breast Milk Peptidome

et al. 2020

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Human donor milk (HDM) provides appropriate nutrition and offers protective functions in preterm infants. The aim of the study is to examine the impact of different storage conditions on the stability of the human breast milk peptidome. HDM was directly frozen at −80 °C or stored at −20 °C (120 h), 4 °C (6 h), or room temperature (RT for 6 or 24 h). The milk peptidome was profiled by mass spectrometry after peptide collection by ultrafiltration. Profiling of the peptidome covered 3587 peptides corresponding to 212 proteins. The variance of the peptidome increased with storage temperature and time and varied for different peptides. The highest impact was observed when samples were stored at RT. Smaller but significant effects were still observed in samples stored at 4 °C, while samples showed highest similarity to those immediately frozen at −80 °C when stored at −20 °C. Peptide structures after storage at RT for 24 h point to the increased activity of thrombin and other proteases cleaving proteins at lysine/arginine. The results point to an ongoing protein degradation/peptide production by milk-derived proteases. They underline the need for immediate freezing of HDM at −20 °C or −80 °C to prevent degradation of peptides and enable reproducible investigation of prospectively collected samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Storage Conditions on the Breast Milk Peptidome

et al. 2020

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“…The composition and the level of these compounds change during the different phases of lactation in response to the changing needs of the growing and developing infant. Recent studies of the milk proteome [24] showed that between the first 72 h and 3 days postpartum the colostrum milk has the highest level of the immunoregulatory factors. The transitional milk produced between the 3rd and 15th day is very rich in proteins, and the mature, produced from day 16th, milk is enriched in fatty acids, and its overall composition becomes less variable.…”

Section: Breast Milk Immune Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of child immunity in the context of COVID-19 pandemic

Kloc

Ghobrial

Kuchar

et al. 2020

Clinical Immunology

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Children, because of having an immature immune system, are usually more prone than the adults to the microbial infections and have more severe symptoms, which is especially true for the newborns, and very young children. However, the review of clinical data from the current COVID-19 pandemic indicates otherwise. We discuss here what are the main features and components of children's immune system, the role of maternal transmission of immunity, and what are the possible explanations for the seemingly lower infection rate and severity of COVI-19 in children.

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“…Mothers, based on their genetic status, can synthesize different sets of oligosaccharides. The most extreme interindividual differences relate to the presence or absence of fucose linked by α1,2and α1,3/4-glycosidic bonds in free oligosaccharide and glycoproteins, are conditioned by genetic factors (namely active forms of FUT2 and FUT3 genes) that affect the secretion status and Lewis blood group antigens [20,37,[55][56][57]. Two fucosyltransferases, namely FucT II (encoded by the secretory gene FUT2) and FucT III (encoded by the Lewis gene FUT3) play a key role in HMOs fucosylation.…”

Section: Structures and Diversity Of Hmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is interesting that some glycoproteins, namely IgG [68], AGP [29], and FN [31], which are present in both human milk and mother's plasma, have quite different glycosylation patterns. The changes in glycosylation are the net result of local biosynthesis of those glycoproteins by hormonally regulated alveolar cells of the mammary gland [57,69]. The fucosylation profile of the second most abundant immunoglobulin in human milk, namely IgG, was shown to differ qualitatively and quantitatively from maternal IgG [68].…”

Section: Fucosylation Of Human Milk Glycoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Dietary Fucosylated Oligosaccharides and Glycoproteins of Human Milk on Infant Well-Being

Orczyk-Pawiłowicz

Lis-Kuberka

2020

Nutrients

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Apart from optimal nutritional value, human milk is the feeding strategy to support the immature immunological system of developing newborns and infants. The most beneficial dietary carbohydrate components of breast milk are human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and glycoproteins (HMGs), involved in both specific and nonspecific immunity. Fucosylated oligosaccharides represent the largest fraction of human milk oligosaccharides, with the simplest and the most abundant being 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL). Fucosylated oligosaccharides, as well as glycans of glycoproteins, as beneficial dietary sugars, elicit anti-adhesive properties against fucose-dependent pathogens, and on the other hand are crucial for growth and metabolism of beneficial bacteria, and in this aspect participate in shaping a healthy microbiome. Well-documented secretor status related differences in the fucosylation profile of HMOs and HMGs may play a key but underestimated role in assessment of susceptibility to fucose-dependent pathogen infections, with a potential impact on applied clinical procedures. Nevertheless, due to genetic factors, about 20% of mothers do not provide their infants with beneficial dietary carbohydrates such as 2′-FL and other α1,2-fucosylated oligosaccharides and glycans of glycoproteins, despite breastfeeding them. The lack of such structures may have important implications for a wide range of aspects of infant well-being and healthcare. In light of the above, some artificial mixtures used in infant nutrition are supplemented with 2′-FL to more closely approximate the unique composition of maternal milk, including dietary-derived fucosylated oligosaccharides and glycoproteins.

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The Functional Power of the Human Milk Proteome

Cited by 84 publications

References 183 publications

Impact of Storage Conditions on the Breast Milk Peptidome

Impact of Storage Conditions on the Breast Milk Peptidome

Development of child immunity in the context of COVID-19 pandemic

The Impact of Dietary Fucosylated Oligosaccharides and Glycoproteins of Human Milk on Infant Well-Being

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