The Functional Age Profile: An Objective Decision Criterion for the Assessment of Pilot Performance Capacities and Capabilities

Braune, Rolf; Wickens, Christopher D.

doi:10.1177/001872088502700607

Cited by 30 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In addition, a significant sequence effect on landing decision was found. Pilots who completed the Land, No Land, Land sequence made more accurate decisions across the three trials than pilots who completed the Land, Land, No Land sequence (χ 2 (2) = 11.85, P = 0.003). Importantly, no sequence or age by expertise group difference was found in the first trial, in which all subjects had a Land scenario (Land, Land, No Land hit rate: 61.77%; Land, No Land, Land hit rate: 65.79%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Age and Expertise Effects in Aviation Decision Making and Flight Control in a Flight Simulator

Kennedy

Taylor²,

Reade³

et al. 2010

aviat space environ med

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Age and Expertise Effects in Aviation Decision Making and Flight Control in a Flight Simulator

Kennedy

Taylor²,

Reade³

et al. 2010

aviat space environ med

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“…These include age-related increases in switching costs when participants have to alternate between two auditory or visual channels (Braune & Wickens, 1985;Panek, Barrett, Sterns, & Alexander, 1977;Wickens, Braune, & Stokes, 1987). In addition, investigators have also observed increased switching costs for older adults on tasks such as addition and subtraction or providing antonyms and synonyms (Botwinick, Brinley, & Robbin, 1958;Brinley, 1965;Schaie, 1958).…”

Section: Aging and Task Switchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging and Language Switching in Bilinguals

Hernández¹,

Kohnert²

1999

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition

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“…Braune and Wickens (1986) conclude that spatial ability, dichotic listening and perceptual-motor co-ordination decrease together with reaction time in pilots beyond the age of forty.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Rate of information processing and reaction time of aircraft pilots and non-pilots

2002

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Human error is cited as the main contributing factor in aircraft accidents. Swissair (1999) maintains that well over fifty percent of all aircraft accidents arise due to critical human error chains, and emphasises the reality that several unplanned scenarios plague pilots during flight. Professional piloting demands the proficient assimilation and manipulation of information received by the senses in order to respond effectively to dissimilar flight conditions. Based on research done on 1448 German air force pilots, Gerbert and Kemmler (1987) suggest that a four-dimensional human error structure exists, comprising errors vigilance, perception, information processing, and sensorimotor actions that prove to be the main causes of aircraft accidents. Lack of experience with a specific aircraft type and the number of types presently flown contribute to aircraft accidents."Competent pilot performance is characterised by effective decisions in complex situations combined with relevant behaviours, quick planning, action, and suitable, well-timed corrections, applied in critical situations" (M-TWO, 1998, p. 1). It follows then that response conditioning and highly developed information processing schemes are critical for competent piloting. Moreover, responses to emergencies are dependent on the quality and the frequency of emergency procedure training. Repeated exposure to simulator emergency training creates a deposit of appropriate kinaesthetic responses that are memorised and retrieved subconsciously, almost instantly, when the pilot is confronted with similar bona fide emergency situations. Other factors that contribute to aircraft accidents are a lack of experience with a specific aircraft type as well as the number of types presently flown.Flying demands a multifaceted combination of procedural, decisional and motor activities. Procedural activities consist of standard operating procedures and are dictated by the equipment characteristics. Secondly, whenever a condition arises in which there is uncertainty as to the likely result, the pilot makes predictions of the probable outcome based on the choices available and proceeds accordingly. These decisional activities are tremendously complex in the sense that an increase in uncertainty will ultimately lead to an increased probability of failure. Motor activities, such as manipulating the controls to change the orientation of the aircraft are usually continuous (Roscoe, 1980). There are two distinct meteorological settings in aviation. In visual meteorological conditions, the pilot obtains primary information from the external environment. In addition, secondary information is derived from the instrument panel during certain phases of flight, for example, the airspeed and altitude indicators during take-off and landing. Instrument meteorological conditions, requires an absolute digression from conventional flying practice and necessitate heightened levels of attentiveness. Under these conditions, all the senses with the exception of sight, are disregarded. Decisions ...

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The Functional Age Profile: An Objective Decision Criterion for the Assessment of Pilot Performance Capacities and Capabilities

Cited by 30 publications

References 7 publications

Age and Expertise Effects in Aviation Decision Making and Flight Control in a Flight Simulator

Age and Expertise Effects in Aviation Decision Making and Flight Control in a Flight Simulator

Aging and Language Switching in Bilinguals

Rate of information processing and reaction time of aircraft pilots and non-pilots

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