The function of vinylene carbonate as a thermal additive to electrolyte in lithium batteries

Lee, Hsiang-Hwan; Wang, Yung-Yun; Wan, Chi‐Chao; Mo-hua, Yang; Wu, Hung-Chun; Shieh, Deng-Tswen

doi:10.1007/s10800-005-2700-x

Cited by 68 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…[121] As introduced above, additives with higherr eduction potentials (with respect to the electrolyte solvent(s)) preferably form insoluble products upon reduction. For example, easily polymerizable electrolyte additives, such as VC, [98,[122][123][124] vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC), [125] vinyl ethylene sulfite (VES), [126] FEC, [98,122,123,127] or TDI [98] were particularly effective in forming stable, robust SEI layers on lithiated graphite (abbreviated herein as LiC 6 ). In addition, the utilization of such additives appears to result in reduced gas generation upon SEI formation.…”

Section: Sei Supporting Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safer Electrolytes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: State of the Art and Perspectives

et al. 2015

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Lithium-ion batteries are becoming increasingly important for electrifying the modern transportation system and, thus, hold the promise to enable sustainable mobility in the future. However, their large-scale application is hindered by severe safety concerns when the cells are exposed to mechanical, thermal, or electrical abuse conditions. These safety issues are intrinsically related to their superior energy density, combined with the (present) utilization of highly volatile and flammable organic-solvent-based electrolytes. Herein, state-of-the-art electrolyte systems and potential alternatives are briefly surveyed, with a particular focus on their (inherent) safety characteristics. The challenges, which so far prevent the widespread replacement of organic carbonate-based electrolytes with LiPF6 as the conducting salt, are also reviewed herein. Starting from rather "facile" electrolyte modifications by (partially) replacing the organic solvent or lithium salt and/or the addition of functional electrolyte additives, conceptually new electrolyte systems, including ionic liquids, solvent-free, and/or gelled polymer-based electrolytes, as well as solid-state electrolytes, are also considered. Indeed, the opportunities for designing new electrolytes appear to be almost infinite, which certainly complicates strict classification of such systems and a fundamental understanding of their properties. Nevertheless, these innumerable opportunities also provide a great chance of developing highly functionalized, new electrolyte systems, which may overcome the afore-mentioned safety concerns, while also offering enhanced mechanical, thermal, physicochemical, and electrochemical performance.

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Section: Sei Supporting Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safer Electrolytes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: State of the Art and Perspectives

et al. 2015

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“…Some authors reported that, two major advantages can be realized with the addition of VC in LiPF 6 /EC + DEC electrolyte. 21 The SEI induced from VC is quite stable especially at elevated temperatures. The other advantage of using VC is that it can suppress the production of LiF during prolonged cycling and thus control the surface resistance of the graphite electrode.…”

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confidence: 99%

Vinylene Carbonate as Co-Solvent for Low-Temperature Mixed Electrolyte Based Supercapacitors

Väli

Jänes

Lust

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The electrochemical characteristics of supercapacitors consisting of molybdenum carbide derived carbon C(Mo2C) electrodes in 1M NaPF6 solutions in various mixtures (0.5–5%) of vinylene carbonate (VC) with propylene carbonate (PC) and ethyl acetate (EA) (1:1 by volume) have been studied using cyclic voltammetry, constant current charging/discharging and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods. The specific capacitance and series resistance values dependencies on the used solvent mixture and applied temperature (from −40°C to 60°C) have been established. The region of ideal polarizability has been established for C(Mo2C) electrodes in all electrolytes and temperatures investigated, except at T ≥ 40°C. Specific conductivity values have been measured and correlated with electrochemistry data. Limiting capacitance, calculated characteristic time constant and complex power values depend noticeably on the solvent mixture used in the electrolyte, i.e. on the viscosity and specific conductivity of the electrolyte solution. The studied electrolytes are potential candidates for low-temperature supercapacitors.

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“…The additives are presumably reduced prior to reduction of bulk carbonate solvents and form a more stable SEI on the graphite anode. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Although the beneficial effect of VC, VEC, and related additives on the anode are reasonably understood, the effects on the cathode are unclear. Chen et al reported that addition of VEC generates highly resistive surface films on the cathode, 17 while Aurbach et al suggests that addition of VC has little adverse effect on LiMn 2 O 4 and LiNiO 2 cathodes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Analysis of Electrodes from Cells Containing Electrolytes with Stabilizing Additives Exposed to High Temperature

Xiao

Lucht

et al. 2008

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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We have conducted a detailed investigation of the effect of thermal stabilizing additives, including dimethyl acetamide ͑DMAc͒, N-methyl pyrrolidone, vinylene carbonate ͑VC͒, and vinylethylene carbonate ͑VEC͒, on the reactions of the electrolyte with the surface of the electrodes in lithium-ion cells. Cells were constructed with mesocarbon microbead anodes, LiNi 0.8 Co 0.2 O 2 cathodes, and 1.0 M LiPF 6 in 1:1:1 ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate/dimethyl carbonate electrolyte with and without electrolyte additives. The cells were stored sequentially at 55, 60, and 65°C for 10 days at each temperature. The cells were then dismantled, and the surfaces of the electrodes were analyzed via a combination of infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflection, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy. The surface of the electrodes extracted from cells containing the baseline electrolyte contained thick surface films composed of electrolyte decomposition products. The addition of 1% DMAc inhibits the reaction of the electrolyte with surface of the electrodes, especially on the anode. The addition of 1.5% VC results in the formation of poly͑vinylene carbonate͒ on both electrodes and inhibits the reaction of electrolyte with the electrodes, especially the cathode. The addition of 1.5% VEC or 10% DMAc did not significantly impede the reaction of the electrolyte with the electrodes.Lithium-ion batteries have found wide application in small electronic devices due to their high energy densities. However, calendar life, performance after exposure to elevated temperatures, and safety concerns have limited application for many large power supplies, such as hybrid electric vehicles. Postmortem analyses of electrodes from lithium-ion cells that have undergone accelerated aging experiments suggest that electrolyte decomposition reactions result in the formation of surface films on both the anode and cathode. 1-4 Although degradation of the anode solid electrolyte interface ͑SEI͒ is reported to be the leading cause of capacity loss, 3 the impedance increase at the cathode side is proposed to be the main contributor to the cell impedance rise during cell aging. 4 Introducing low concentrations of additives into the electrolyte is a convenient and efficient way to impede the reactions of the electrolyte with the surface of the electrodes and improve the stability, performance, and safety of lithium-ion batteries.Various electrolyte additives have been probed to improve the performance of lithium-ion batteries. Ethylene sulfite, carbon dioxide, and 1,3-propane sulfone have been used to assist the formation of a stable SEI on the graphite anode. 5-7 Addition of sodium or potassium ions, Li 2 CO 3 , cyclohexane, and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone ͑NMP͒ in the electrolyte were reported to reduce the initial irreversible capacity loss during the first formation cycle. 8-12 A family of vinyl-containing additives, including acrylic acid nitrile, vinylpyridine, vinylethylene carbonate ͑V...

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The function of vinylene carbonate as a thermal additive to electrolyte in lithium batteries

Cited by 68 publications

References 35 publications

Safer Electrolytes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: State of the Art and Perspectives

Safer Electrolytes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: State of the Art and Perspectives

Vinylene Carbonate as Co-Solvent for Low-Temperature Mixed Electrolyte Based Supercapacitors

Surface Analysis of Electrodes from Cells Containing Electrolytes with Stabilizing Additives Exposed to High Temperature

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