The Function and Importance of Fact-Checking Organizations in the Era of Fake News

Abstract

The recent increase in usage of concepts such as ‘fake news’ or ‘post-truth’ reveals the importance of digital literacy especially on social media. In the digital era, people’s views on different topics are attempted to be manipulated with disinformation and fake news. Fake content is rapidly replacing the reality among new media users. It is stated with concepts such as ‘filter bubbles’ and ‘echo chambers’ that there is a greater tendency for people to be fed with content that is ideologically appropriate to their own views and to believe in fake news in this content. This article analyzes the structure and functioning of fact-checking organizations in the context of preventing propagation of fake news and improving digital literacy. The research is based on content analysis of verification activities of the fact-checking organization Teyit.org, which is a member of International Fact-Checking Network in Turkey, between January 1 and June 31, 2018. By conducting in-depth interviews with the verification team, propagation of fake news on social networks, fact-checking processes and their methods of combating fake news are revealed. Our article found that fake content spreading specifically through the Internet predominantly consists of political issues.

What Sells on the Fake News Market? Examining the Impact of Contextualized Rhetorical Features on the Popularity of Fake Tweets

“…This organization is a member of The International Fact-Checking Network and is fully committed to objectivity and openness, correction policy, and economic transparency (teyit, n.d.). There exists a body of research using datasets provided by teyit.org (Karadağ & Ayten, 2020;Ünal & Çiçeklioğlu, 2019). As shown in Figure 1, we obtained a sample, including 439 confirmed fake tweet links.…”

“As Reliable as a Kalashnikov Rifle”: How Sputnik News Promotes Russian Vaccine Technologies in the Turkish Twittersphere

“…Furthermore, the audience demographics of mainstream media and digital news are quite different with youth preferring to access news through online resources (Yanardağoğlu, 2021). Accordingly, operating on Twitter affords SputnikTR the opportunity to tap into an audience demographic that does not follow mainstream media in Turkey (Ünal & Çiçeklioğlu, 2019).…”

“The coronavirus is a bioweapon”: classifying coronavirus stories on fact-checking sites

“…For example, PolitiFact uses the “Pants on Fire” metric to denote fake news in their Truth-O-Meter rating while Poynter uses the “Four Pinocchios” metric to do the same. These networks are important in reducing misinformation spread (Ünal and Çiçeklioğlu 2019 ).…”