The fumigation-extraction method to estimate soil microbial biomass: Calibration of the kEN value

Joergensen, Rainer Georg; Müeller, Torsten

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(95)00101-8

Cited by 750 publications

(284 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Total organic C and N in both fumigated and non-fumigated (control) soil extracts were analyzed using a CN analyzer (TOC-V CPH -TN Shimadzu). The values of nonfumigated samples were subtracted from those obtained from fumigated samples, and MBC and MBN were calculated using a K EC factor of 0.45 for MBC [30,31] and K EC factor of 0.54 for the MBN [32].…”

Section: Plant and Soil Sample Collection And Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Two Bioenergy Byproducts with Contrasting Carbon Availability to a Prairie Soil: Three-Year Crop Response and Changes in Soil Biological and Chemical Properties

Alotaibi

Schoenau

2016

Agronomy

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Abstract:The bioenergy industry produces a wide range of byproducts varying in their chemical composition depending on type of technology employed. In particular, pyrolysis and transesterification conversion processes generate C-rich byproducts of biochar (BC) and glycerol (GL), respectively, which can be added to soil. These two byproducts vary in their carbon availability, and comparing their effects when added to agricultural soil deserves attention. This study investigated the immediate and residual effects of a single application of BC and GL to a cultivated Brown Chernozem soil from the semi-arid region of southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada. In the first season following addition of amendments, BC and GL alone had no significant impact on all measured parameters. However, when combined with 50 kg urea N¨ha´1 (BC + UR), the yields obtained were similar to those with 100 kg urea N¨ha´1 alone. The GL with urea N (GL + UR) treatment had reduced crop yield and N uptake compared to urea alone in the year of application attributed to N immobilization, but had a positive residual effect in the second year due to remineralization. Both GL and GL + UR treatments enhanced dehydrogenase activity compared to other treatments whereas BC + UR tended to decrease microbial biomass C. The crop and soil response to application of biochar was less than observed in previous studies conducted elsewhere. Direct and residual effects of glycerol addition on the crop were more evident. An application rate greater than 2.8 t¨ha´1 and 3.5 t¨ha´1 for BC and GL, respectively, may be required to induce larger responses.

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Section: Plant and Soil Sample Collection And Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Two Bioenergy Byproducts with Contrasting Carbon Availability to a Prairie Soil: Three-Year Crop Response and Changes in Soil Biological and Chemical Properties

Alotaibi

Schoenau

2016

Agronomy

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“…Characteristics of the investigated soils. Available P is presented by the quantity of isotopically exchangeable P within the first minute [5], available K by K extractable in saturated CO 2 water [1]; microbial C and N determined by chloroform fumigation [40] using k EC and k EN factors [13,14]. subsample for 24 h at 4 o C and 200 rpm in a water bath in order to remove microbial matter from truly undigested material [17].…”

Section: Manuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen fertilizer value of cattle manure applied on soils originating from organic and conventional farming systems

Langmeier

Frossard

Kreuzer³

et al. 2002

Agronomie

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International audienceNitrogen nutrition of plants in organic farming depends largely on animal manure. In a pot experiment the hypothesis was tested that on a long-term organically managed soil (ORG) characterized by higher soil microbial activity, a greater portion of N applied as cattle manure is mineralized and taken up by plants than on a conventionally managed soil that had received exclusively mineral fertilizers (MIN). Dry matter yields and N uptake by Italian ryegrass were higher by around 20% on ORG than MIN soil. The N utilization of $^{15}$N labeled animal manure components and mineral N differed little between ORG and MIN. The major part of the increased N uptake on ORG compared with MIN was due to a significantly greater N supply from ORG soil. The increased capacity of the ORG soil to supply N to plants became more important at later cuts when N was severely limiting plant growth.Valeur fertilisante azotée d'un lisier de bovin appliqué sur des sols cultivés selon les règles de l'agriculture biologique ou conventionnelle. En agriculture biologique, la nutrition azotée des plantes dépend largement d'une utilisation efficace des engrais de ferme. L'objectif de ce travail était d'évaluer dans une expérience en pots l'aptitude de deux sols provenant d'un essai de longue durée, l'un cultivé selon les règles de l'agriculture biologique et n'ayant reçu que des engrais organiques (ORG) et l'autre cultivé selon les règles de l'agriculture conventionnelle n'ayant reçu que des engrais minéraux (MIN), à alimenter une culture de ray-grass italien après des apports de NO$_3$NH$_4$, de fèces avec/sans urine de bovin préalablement marqués à $^{15}$N. Le sol ORG est caractérisé par une activité microbiologique plus élevée. Le prélèvement d'azote par le ray-grass était plus élevé d'environs 20 % pour le sol ORG que pour le sol MIN. Peu de différences furent observées entre ORG et MIN pour l'utilisation par la plante de l'azote issu des fèces (17 à 22 % du N apporté), de l'urine (62 à 66 % du N apporté) et de l'engrais minéral (75 à 76 % du N apporté). L'augmentation du prélèvement de N par le ray-grass dans le sol ORG s'explique donc par une plus grande minéralisation de l'azote du sol

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“…When immobilization and mobilization processes of N in soil are managed, it is important to quantify the real amount of N stored in the soil microbial biomass (Joergensen and Mueller 1996). Transient immobilization of soil N in the microbial biomass may contribute to improved conservation of soil N sources (Jensen 1997).…”

Section: Decomposition Of Contrasting Leguminous Leaf Materials and Grmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaves Material Decomposition from Leguminous Trees in an Enriched Fallow

Cattânio¹

2012

Crop Plant

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The fumigation-extraction method to estimate soil microbial biomass: Calibration of the kEN value

Cited by 750 publications

References 21 publications

Application of Two Bioenergy Byproducts with Contrasting Carbon Availability to a Prairie Soil: Three-Year Crop Response and Changes in Soil Biological and Chemical Properties

Application of Two Bioenergy Byproducts with Contrasting Carbon Availability to a Prairie Soil: Three-Year Crop Response and Changes in Soil Biological and Chemical Properties

Nitrogen fertilizer value of cattle manure applied on soils originating from organic and conventional farming systems

Leaves Material Decomposition from Leguminous Trees in an Enriched Fallow

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