The Frontiers of Functionalized Nanocellulose-Based Composites and Their Application as Chemical Sensors

Abstract

Chemical sensors are a rapidly developing technology that has received much attention in diverse industries such as military, medicine, environmental surveillance, automotive power and mobility, food manufacturing, infrastructure construction, product packaging and many more. The mass production of low-cost devices and components for use as chemical sensors is a major driving force for improvements in each of these industries. Recently, studies have found that using renewable and eco-friendly materials would be advantageous for both manufacturers and consumers. Thus, nanotechnology has led to the investigation of nanocellulose, an emerging and desirable bio-material for use as a chemical sensor. The inherent properties of nanocellulose, its high tensile strength, large specific surface area and good porous structure have many advantages in its use as a composite material for chemical sensors, intended to decrease response time by minimizing barriers to mass transport between an analyte and the immobilized indicator in the sensor. Besides which, the piezoelectric effect from aligned fibers in nanocellulose composites is beneficial for application in chemical sensors. Therefore, this review presents a discussion on recent progress and achievements made in the area of nanocellulose composites for chemical sensing applications. Important aspects regarding the preparation of nanocellulose composites using different functionalization with other compounds are also critically discussed in this review.

Lignocellulosic Bionanomaterials for Biosensor Applications

“…Nanocellulose has great potential with several interesting characteristics and genuine physical properties such as tensile strength, optical and electrical characteristics which make it a superior material for the production of chemical sensors [ 114 ]. Several studies have been guided on the use of nanocellulose in the production of physical and chemical sensors, some are described below.…”

The Reduction Factor of Pultrude Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polyester Composite Cross-Arm: A Comparative Study on Mathematical Modelling for Life-Span Prediction

“…For instance, Zaghloul et al [39] discovered that surface reinforced arranged composites have 61 times the life of bulk reinforced arranged composites after being exposed to bending fatigue at 56 MPa bending stress. The integration of biaxially and orientated polymeric fibres and fillers within the matrix has shown promise in improving the mechanical characteristics of these structures [40][41][42][43]. Additionally, the use of additives in GFRP composites and the incorporation of a core structure, such as foam or honeycomb, can enhance the durability and mechanical performance of the cross-arms [1,2].…”

Recent Advances of GFRP Composite Cross Arms in Energy Transmission Tower: A Short Review on Design Improvements and Mechanical Properties

“…Aside from textile engineering, the composite cross arm can be improved by adding supports to the structure. The employment of additive in pGFRP composites also can allow for improvement in its durability as well as mechanical performance [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. Additionally, an improved cross arm can be improved by incorporating a core structure into the composite profile, such as a foam or honeycomb core.…”