The Frequency of HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DRB1 Alleles in Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in the Turkish Population: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

We studied the frequencies of human leukocyte antigen alleles (A, B, and DRB1) in 90 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and then compared them with 126 controls in this study. Although the frequencies of the A*03 allele, the DRB1*03 allele, the DRB1*04 allele, the A*02/B*35/DRB1*13 haplotype, and homozygosity of A*02 were higher in patients (p=0.006, p=0.003, p=0.002, p=0.01, and p=0.02, respectively), the frequencies of the A*23, B*13, B*40, and DRB1*13 alleles were lower (p=0.002, p=0.07, p=0.002, and p=0.003, respectively) in patients than controls. The frequencies of the DRB1*04 and DRB1*07 alleles were higher in patients in the high-risk group and standard-risk group, respectively (p=0.009 and p=0.007, respectively). This study indicated that the frequency of the A*03 allele, the DRB1*03 allele, the DRB1*04 allele, the A*02/B*35/DRB1*13 haplotype, and A*02 homozygosity may play a predisposing role in patients with ALL in the Turkish population. The frequency of the DRB1*04 and DRB1*07 alleles may also be associated with high risk and standard risk in patients with ALL, respectively.

HLA‐A*02:06 allele may be susceptible to myelodysplastic syndrome in Zhejiang Han population, China

“…The relationship between HLA loci and ALL or AML has been more studied in recent years (Mohammad et al., 2021; Patıroğlu & Akar, 2016; Qi et al., 2018). In our study, we found no correlation of HLA loci with AML or ALL in Zhejiang Han Chinese.…”

“…We found a higher frequency of HLA‐B*40:06 in patients with AML, but the Pc value was over .05 after correction. Patıroğlu and Akar (2016) studied the frequencies of HLA‐A , HLA‐B and HLA‐DRB1 in 90 patients with ALL compared with 126 healthy individuals and found that the HLA‐A*03 , HLA‐DRB1*03 and HLA‐DRB1*04 alleles and the HLA‐A*02‐B*35‐DRB1*13 haplotype were predisposing towards ALL in Turkish individuals. Mohammad et al.…”

Human Leukocyte Antigen Alleles (HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DRB1) are associated with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) : A Case-Control Study in a Sample of Iranian Population

“…hese genes are essential for coordinating the immune response against pathogens by facilitating the formation of TCR/peptide/HLA complexes. Given its pivotal role in immune mechanisms and its status as one of the most polymorphic gene clusters in the human genome, the HLA system has been extensively studied for its association with various diseases, including ALL [3].…”

“…Despite high survival rates exceeding 85% for those without relapse, those experiencing relapse face severe prognoses. This positions ALL as a significant pediatric oncological challenge [3,4].Emerging studies suggest a sophisticated interplay between genetics and environmental factors in ALL's development. The timing of viral exposures and subsequent immune responses are particularly critical.…”

“…Despite high survival rates exceeding 85% for those without relapse, those experiencing relapse face severe prognoses. This positions ALL as a significant pediatric oncological challenge [3,4].…”