The Frequency Distribution of Current Magnitudes of Lightning Strokes to Tall Structures

Sargent, Michael A.

doi:10.1109/tpas.1972.293206

Cited by 42 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…2) The median current to flat ground I g was thought to be only 13 kA at the time when Sargent [2] did his analysis. Mousa & Srivastava [11] showed that underestimating I g causes the effect of height on the median current of the strokes collected by the structure (I s ) to be exaggerated.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Failure of the Collection Volume Method and Attempts of the ESE Lightning ROD Industry to Resurrect it

Mousa¹

2012

JLR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:To facilitate the marketing of their devices, the vendors of Early Streamer Emission (ESE) lightning rods are attempting to get the Collection Volume Method (CVM) in IEEE Standard 998 which deals with the Shielding of Substations. This attempt follows their failures before IEC, Standards Australia and the NFPA (National Fire Protection Association). Voting on the standards of the IEEE is done by a pool of persons, most of whom are not lightning experts. The same applies to potential buyers of ESE devices who are being wooed by use of the CVM. This paper seeks to enlighten those persons by using indisputable field observations to prove invalidity of the CVM. The paper also shows that development of the CVM rested on a false perception that discrepancies existed between field observations and predictions of the Electrogeometric Model (EGM), and that the CVM failed to address those claimed discrepancies.

show abstract

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An important subsequent paper by Sargent [2] showed that the EGM predicts an increase in the median amplitude of the collected lightning strokes with increase in height of the structure. Sargent also showed that the median stroke amplitude depends on shape of the structure (mast versus wire).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure of the Collection Volume Method and Attempts of the ESE Lightning ROD Industry to Resurrect it

Mousa¹

2012

JLR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During the 1970's, Sargent has made a significant contribution by modeling the performance of power lines using the Monte Carlo method and also with his work on the striking of elevated structures [15,16]. He showed that the distribution of lightning strikes of a lightning protected structure depends on its height and its type (rod or cable).…”

Section: Review Of the Revisited Striking Distancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Modified Version of the Rolling Sphere Method

Ait-Amar¹,

Berger

2009

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The calculation of the striking distance can estimate the probability of lightning strike on a structure and thereby evaluate the effectiveness of a lightning protection system (LPS). The dimensioning and the positioning of air-termination on structures is often performed with the Rolling Sphere Method (RSM). RSM originated from the electric power transmission industry and is based on the well-known Electrogeometric Model (EGM). The EGM relates striking distance to the prospective peak stroke current. To apply this technique, an imaginary sphere is rolled over the structure. All surface contact points are deemed to require protection, whilst the unaffected volumes are deemed to be protected. The main drawback of this method is that it disregards the upward leaders' development and assumes the same probability for attachment to the ground, to a structure, and to a LPS. The proposed model is based on physical phenomena leading to the formation and the development of positive upward leader in the field produced by the negative downward leader charge distribution and by some other competing upward leaders. Its purpose is to develop a 3-D numerical model in order to improve the interception efficiency of the Lightning Protection System.

show abstract

“…Whitehead et al undertook a programme to calibrate the EGM against field observations on power lines, and a final version of the model was published by Gliman and Whitehead [1,13]. Sargent used an interim version of Whitehead's model to investigate the effect of object height on the frequency distribution of the attracted lightning strokes [14]. years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightning Shielding Failure Analysis of UHVAC Transmission Lines with an Improved EGM

Wei

et al. 2009

HKIE Transactions

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lightning shielding failure is an important issue in addressing the lightning performance of HVAC transmission lines. In this paper, an improved electro-geometric model (EGM) is proposed to evaluate the shielding failure outage rate of UHVAC transmission lines. In the improved model, the striking distances to phase conductors, shielding wires and the ground are differentiated, respectively. Furthermore, the influences of ground obliquity, wind deflection and instantaneous operating voltage of phase conductors are taken into account. The proposed improved EGM is applied to calculate the lightning shielding failure outage rate of a UHVAC transmission line to be built in a demonstration project in China. The simulation results show that the maximal difference of shielding failure outage rate due to the phase angle change of the conductor voltage in a period can reach 0.12 times/100 km·a. The shielding failure outage rate increases monotonously with the increment of ground obliquity and wind speed. The shielding failure outage rate of the transmission line with the 'cup' tower ZBS2 is 0 due to its lower tower height and negative protection angle. The shielding failure outage rate of the transmission line with the 'cathead' tower ZMP2 is less than the standard limit of 0.1 times/100 km·a if the ground obliquity is smaller than 10°.

show abstract

The Frequency Distribution of Current Magnitudes of Lightning Strokes to Tall Structures

Cited by 42 publications

References 6 publications

Failure of the Collection Volume Method and Attempts of the ESE Lightning ROD Industry to Resurrect it

Failure of the Collection Volume Method and Attempts of the ESE Lightning ROD Industry to Resurrect it

A Modified Version of the Rolling Sphere Method

Lightning Shielding Failure Analysis of UHVAC Transmission Lines with an Improved EGM

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About