The frequencies and disparities of adverse childhood experiences in the U.S.

Giano, Zachary; Wheeler, Denna L.; Hubach, Randolph D.

doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09411-z

Cited by 262 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Notably, children from racial and ethnic minority backgrounds disproportionately experience more ACEs ( 39 , 40 , 41 ). In the U.S., 45% of children (61% of Black and 50% of Latinx children) report at least one ACE, and Black children have nearly twice the odds of having 2+ ACEs compared to non-Hispanic White children ( 39 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Impact of Childhood Adversity on Early Adolescent Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the ABCD Study Cohort: Does Race or Ethnicity Moderate Findings?

Stinson

Sullivan

Peteet

et al. 2021

Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science

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Background During the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, mental health among youth has been negatively impacted. Youth with a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), as well as youth from minoritized racial-ethnic backgrounds, may be especially vulnerable to experiencing COVID-19-related distress. The current aims are to examine whether exposure to pre-pandemic ACEs predicts mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in youth and whether racial-ethnic background moderated these effects. Methods From May to August 2020, 7,983 youth (M age = 12.5, range= 10.6-14.6 years old) in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study SM (ABCD Study®) completed at least one of three online surveys measuring the impact of the pandemic on their mental health. Data was evaluated in relation to youth’s pre-pandemic mental health and ACEs. Results Pre-pandemic ACE history significantly predicted poorer mental health (across all outcomes) and greater COVID-19-related stress and impact of fears on well-being. Youth reported improved mental health during the pandemic (from May to August 2020). While reporting similar levels of mental health, youth from minoritized racial-ethnic backgrounds had elevated COVID-19-related worry, stress, and impact on well-being. Race and ethnicity generally did not moderate ACE effects. Older youth, girls, and those with greater pre-pandemic internalizing symptoms also reported greater mental health symptoms. Conclusions Youth who experienced greater childhood adversity reported greater negative affect and COVID-19-related distress during the pandemic. Although they reported generally better mood, Black, Asian American, and multiracial youth reported greater COVID-19-related worry and experienced COVID-19 related discrimination compared to non-Hispanic White youth, highlighting potential health disparities.

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confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Impact of Childhood Adversity on Early Adolescent Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the ABCD Study Cohort: Does Race or Ethnicity Moderate Findings?

Stinson

Sullivan

Peteet

et al. 2021

Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science

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“…There is great potential to stigmatise, offend or disenfranchise young people participating in ABHR, as a result of esoteric or inaccessible language or overmedicalization. Experience of ACEs and trauma are prevalent amongst minority groups, including neurodivergent young people, lesbian, gay, bisexual and queer (LGBTQ) youth and ethnic minorities, 23 , 47 and there may exist additional language issues to discuss with project participants, including for example, the use of preferred pronouns and identity first language. 48 , 49 …”

Section: Ethical Considerations In Arts‐health Research With Adolescents With Acesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical issues in participatory arts methods for young people with adverse childhood experiences

Pavarini

Smith

Shaughnessy

et al. 2021

Health Expectations

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Context Participatory arts‐based methods such as photovoice, drama and music have increasingly been used to engage young people who are exposed to psychosocial risks. These methods have the potential to empower youth and provide them with an accessible and welcoming environment to express and manage difficult feelings and experiences. These effects are, however, dependent on the way these methods are implemented and how potential ethical concerns are handled. Objective Using the current literature on arts‐based health research as a foundation, this paper examines ethical issues emerging from participatory arts methods with young people with traumatic experiences. Results We present a typology covering relevant issues such as power, accessibility, communication, trust and ownership, across the domains of partnership working, project entry, participation and dissemination. Drawing on our extensive clinical and research experiences, existing research and novel in‐practice examples, we offer guidance for ethical dilemmas that might arise at different phases of research. Conclusion Adequate anticipation and consideration of ethical issues, together with the involvement of young people, will help ensure that arts methods are implemented in research and practice with young people in a fair, meaningful and empowering way. Patient or Public Contribution The issues reviewed are largely based on the authors' experience conducting participatory research. Each of the projects referenced has its own systems for PPI including, variously, consultations with advisory groups, coproduction, youth ambassadors and mentor schemes. One of the coauthors, Josita Kavitha Thirumalai, is a young person trained in peer support and has provided extensive input across all stages.

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“…Headache is associated with greater perceived stress, and stress is the most frequently reported trigger of both migraine and tension-type headache (9). Adverse childhood experiences (such as abuse) strongly predict the development of adult functional pain syndromes including migraine, and this correlation is much more prevalent in women (10,11).…”

Section: Sexual Dimorphism In Functional Painmentioning

confidence: 99%