The French dietary survey on the general population (INCA3)

Abstract

The third French dietary survey, INCA3, was carried out by the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES). In the contract CFT/EFSA/DCM/2011/02/02 concluded in 28/10/2011 with the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), ANSES has committed itself to providing EFSA with French national food consumption data in the required format and suitable for inclusion in the EFSA Comprehensive European Food Consumption Database and in return, EFSA has committed itself to supporting the French national dietary survey. To comply with the EFSA Guidance, the main adaptations of the INCA3 survey methodology concerned the study population, the dietary information collection method and the interview protocol. In more details, the INCA3 study population included infants (0-1 year old) and toddlers (2-3 years old) and the 7-consecutive-day self-reported food record method was replaced by the three non-consecutive 24h-recalls (among 15-79 year-old subjects) or 24h-records (among 0-14 year-old subjects) methods administered by telephone. These adaptations were tested on the field during a pilot study in 2013. The full-scale INCA3 survey was carried out between February 2014 and September 2015 on two representative samples of respectively 2282 adults aged 18-79 years old and 2178 children aged 0-17 years old. For both samples, data were gathered using the GloboDiet software and coded into the FoodEx2 system afterward. A food propensity questionnaire was also used to collect long-term food intake. In addition, information on long-term food supplement use, physical activity and sedentariness levels, special diets and socio-demographic characteristics of the subjects were collected by supplementary questionnaires. Finally, the participants' height and weight were measured. Disclaimer: The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as authors. This task has been carried out exclusively by the authors in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the authors, awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European Food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. The French national dietary survey (INCA3, 2014-2015)www.efsa.europa.eu/publications 3 EFSA Supporting publication 2017:EN-1351The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as authors. This task has been carried out exclusively by the authors in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the authors, awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is s...

Polychlorinated Naphthalenes in Foods from the French Market: Occurrence, Dietary Exposure, and Evaluation of Relative Contributions to Dioxin-like Contaminants

“…Food items representative of consumption in France were selected based on the third French individual and national food consumption survey (INCA3), conducted by the French Agency on Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES) in 2014–2015. Briefly, consumption of foods, beverages, and dietary supplements was determined through a 24-h dietary recall and a food frequency questionnaire, as well as associated consumption habits (purchasing practices, preparation, conservation, place of consumption), nutritional intake, and consumer status (weight, physical activity, sedentary lifestyle).…”

“…For PCNs, despite the scarcity of data on the human exposure, the dietary intake was also estimated as the main route of exposure in recent work focused on PCN contamination in soils from an area of recycling e-waste . As the foods concerned by the present work were selected on the basis of the third French national dietary survey (INCA3), carried out between 2014 and 2015, such dietary exposure could be studied.…”

Active and passive biomonitoring of trace elements, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls in small Mediterranean harbours

“…The contaminant intakes estimated in the present study for TE, PAH, and PCB should be considered as a lower estimate of their total exposure, since their intake through other food items were not considered. Moreover, the ingestion rate used to estimate dietary exposure in the present study was extracted from the French total diet study data (ANSES et al 2017) and might not be representative of the local population since Corsica was not surveyed in the latter study (Dubuisson et al 2019). It should be noticed that permissible levels for mercury, dioxinlike-PCBs and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans have been set in fish and seafood in the EU (European Commission 2011b), however, these contaminants were not measured in the present study.…”

“…A medium bound approach was used for estimating contaminant concentrations: results below the limit of detection (LD) were replaced by the numerical values of LD/2 and those below the limit of quantification (LQ) were reported as LQ/2 (Conte et al 2016;Kiani et al 2021;Pastorino et al 2021;Sirot et al 2012;Veyrand et al 2013). Ingestion rate (IR) used to estimate dietary exposure in the present study is the mean consumption of molluscs and crustaceans of French adult population (21.47 g day − 1 ), estimated from the INCA3 data (ANSES et al 2017). We considered a mean human body weight (BW) of 70 kg.…”

Effect of Gum Acacia on the Intestinal Bioavailability of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Rats

“…Improving the bioavailability of n-3 PUFA is of particular interest to human health, since according to the latest epidemiological study [ 1 ], the consumption of long chain (LC) n-3 PUFA is almost twice lower than expected from the French guidelines [ 2 , 3 ]. Yet, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) are recognized to reduce the risk of developing several chronic pathologies, such as cardiovascular, stroke, neurodegenerative, inflammatory and cancer diseases [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”