The fragmentation mechanism of gold nanoparticles in water under femtosecond laser irradiation

Bongiovanni, Gabriele; Olshin, Pavel K.; Yan, Cairong; Voss, Jonathan M.; Drabbels, Marcel; Lorenz, Ulrich J.

doi:10.1039/d1na00406a

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…Under fs laser irradiation, the particle can be fragmented in the solid state by a mechanism known as near-field ablation . As the laser fluence increases, particles can be fragmented by CI (fission) which requires the particle to be molten . For the ps laser, particles can be fragmented with a low-energy laser that does not cause the whole particle to melt.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth further clarifying how our proposed model differs from CI invoked by previous studies. CI was mainly observed under fs laser due to the multiphoton ionization of nanoparticles. , Although not theoretically required, CI practically requires the particle to be molten before fragmentation for electrostatic forces to overcome the surface tension . The requirements for multiphoton ionization and particle melting are in conflict because the time ranges of ionization and melting are very different.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28 As the laser fluence increases, particles can be fragmented by CI (fission) which requires the particle to be molten. 71 For the ps laser, particles can be fragmented with a low-energy laser that does not cause the whole particle to melt. Instead, the molten surface layer of particles can be ejected by the enhanced nearfield during laser excitation: the model proposed in our work.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoparticle Fragmentation below the Melting Point under Single Picosecond Laser Pulse Stimulation

et al. 2021

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Understanding the laser−nanomaterial interactions that lead to nanomaterial fragmentation is important for nanoparticle manufacturing, energy, and biomedical sciences. So far, three mechanisms of laser-induced fragmentation have been recognized including non-thermal processes and thermomechanical force under femtosecond pulses and the phase transitions under nanosecond pulses. Here, we show that single picosecond (ps) laser pulse stimulation leads to an anomalous fragmentation of gold nanoparticles that deviates from these three mechanisms. The ps laser fragmentation was weakly dependent on the particle size, and it resulted in a bimodal size distribution. Importantly, ps laser stimulation fragmented particles below the whole particle melting point and below the threshold for a non-thermal mechanism. We propose a framework based on near-field enhancement and nanoparticle surface melting to account for the ps laser-induced fragmentation observed here. This study reveals a new form of surface ablation that occurs under ps laser stimulation at a low fluence.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoparticle Fragmentation below the Melting Point under Single Picosecond Laser Pulse Stimulation

et al. 2021

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“…Despite numerous studies, the underlying physical mechanisms of PLAL are still debated [133,134]. Barcikowski and coworkers [135] found that PLAL of AuNPs is a onepulse and one-step process producing unimodal particles with diameters less than 10 nm when the pulse peak power exceeds 1.6 × 10 12 W/m 2 and the educt particles are larger than 13.4 nm.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Plasmonic Nanoparticles By Pulsed Laser Ablat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also found a correlation between the number of irradiation pulses (from 1 to 4) and the particle charge and surface chemistry. Recently, Bongiovanni et al [134] used in situ electron microscopy to demonstrate the femtosecond laser fragmentation of AuNPs in water. They concluded that PLAL is a single-particle process involving Coulomb fission, which occurs as the femtosecond laser pulses ionize and melt the gold nanoparticle.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Plasmonic Nanoparticles By Pulsed Laser Ablat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy of Tumors with Plasmonic Nanoparticles: Challenges and Prospects

Bucharskaya

Khlebtsov

et al. 2022

Materials

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Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death in the world. For a number of neoplasms, the efficiency of conventional chemo- and radiation therapies is insufficient because of drug resistance and marked toxicity. Plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPT) using local hyperthermia induced by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has recently been extensively explored in tumor treatment. However, despite attractive promises, the current PPT status is limited by laboratory experiments, academic papers, and only a few preclinical studies. Unfortunately, most nanoformulations still share a similar fate: great laboratory promises and fair preclinical trials. This review discusses the current challenges and prospects of plasmonic nanomedicine based on PPT and photodynamic therapy (PDT). We start with consideration of the fundamental principles underlying plasmonic properties of AuNPs to tune their plasmon resonance for the desired NIR-I, NIR-2, and SWIR optical windows. The basic principles for simulation of optical cross-sections and plasmonic heating under CW and pulsed irradiation are discussed. Then, we consider the state-of-the-art methods for wet chemical synthesis of the most popular PPPT AuNPs such as silica/gold nanoshells, Au nanostars, nanorods, and nanocages. The photothermal efficiencies of these nanoparticles are compared, and their applications to current nanomedicine are shortly discussed. In a separate section, we discuss the fabrication of gold and other nanoparticles by the pulsed laser ablation in liquid method. The second part of the review is devoted to our recent experimental results on laser-activated interaction of AuNPs with tumor and healthy tissues and current achievements of other research groups in this application area. The unresolved issues of PPT are the significant accumulation of AuNPs in the organs of the mononuclear phagocyte system, causing potential toxic effects of nanoparticles, and the possibility of tumor recurrence due to the presence of survived tumor cells. The prospective ways of solving these problems are discussed, including developing combined antitumor therapy based on combined PPT and PDT. In the conclusion section, we summarize the most urgent needs of current PPT-based nanomedicine.

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Supramolecular dye nanoassemblies for advanced diagnostics and therapies

Ramezani,

De Smedt,

Sauvage

2024

Bioengineering & Transla Med

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Dyes have conventionally been used in medicine for staining cells, tissues, and organelles. Since these compounds are also known as photosensitizers (PSs) which exhibit photoresponsivity upon photon illumination, there is a high desire towards formulating these molecules into nanoparticles (NPs) to achieve improved delivery efficiency and enhanced stability for novel imaging and therapeutic applications. Furthermore, it has been shown that some of the photophysical properties of these molecules can be altered upon NP formation thereby playing a major role in the outcome of their application. In this review, we primarily focus on introducing dye categories, their formulation strategies and how these strategies affect their photophysical properties in the context of photothermal and non‐photothermal applications. More specifically, the most recent progress showing the potential of dye supramolecular assemblies in modalities such as photoacoustic and fluorescence imaging, photothermal and photodynamic therapies as well as their employment in photoablation as a novel modality will be outlined. Aside from their photophysical activity, we delve shortly into the emerging application of dyes as drug stabilizing agents where these molecules are used together with aggregator molecules to form stable nanoparticles.

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The fragmentation mechanism of gold nanoparticles in water under femtosecond laser irradiation

Abstract: Plasmonic nanoparticles in aqueous solution have long been known to fragment under irradiation with intense ultrafast laser pulses, creating progeny particles with diameters of a few nanometers. However, the mechanism...

Cited by 20 publications

References 48 publications

Nanoparticle Fragmentation below the Melting Point under Single Picosecond Laser Pulse Stimulation

Nanoparticle Fragmentation below the Melting Point under Single Picosecond Laser Pulse Stimulation

Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy of Tumors with Plasmonic Nanoparticles: Challenges and Prospects

Supramolecular dye nanoassemblies for advanced diagnostics and therapies

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