The four polymorphic modifications of the semiconductor dibenzo-tetrathiafulvalene

Brillante, Aldo; Bilotti, Ivano; Valle, Raffaele Guido Della; Venuti, Elisabetta; Milita, Silvia; Dionigi, Chiara; Borgatti, F.; Lazar, Adina N.; Biscarini, Fabio; Mas‐Torrent, Marta; Oxtoby, Neil S.; Crivillers, Núria; Veciana, Jaume; Rovira, Concepció; Leufgen, M.; Schmidt, G.; Molenkamp, L. W.

doi:10.1039/b810993a

Cited by 65 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…DB-TTF is known to exhibit a complex polymorphism scenario, where four polymorphs have already been identified. [30][31][32] Previous works reported single crystal OFETs based on the most favorable thermodynamically α-phase, while on thin films the kinetically more favorable γ−phase is usually found. Accordingly, here also in both the evaporated and solution casted films, it was observed that the crystals formed belong to such γ−phase (Fig.1b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Crystal‐Like Performance in Solution‐Coated Thin‐Film Organic Field‐Effect Transistors

Pozo

Fabiano

Pfattner

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

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122

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In electronics, the field-effect transistor (FET) is a crucial corner stone and successful integration of this semiconductor device into circuit applications requires stable and ideal electrical characteristics over a wide range of temperatures and environments. Solution processing, using printing or coating techniques, has been explored to manufacture organic field-effect transistors (OFET) on flexible carriers; enabling radically novel electronics applications. Ideal electrical characteristics, in organic materials, are typically only found in single crystals. Tiresome growth and manipulation of these hamper practical production of flexible OFETs circuits. To date, neither devices nor any circuits, based on solution-processed 2 OFETs, has exhibited an ideal set of characteristics similar or better than today's FET technology based on amorphous silicon (a-Si FETs). Here, we report bar-assisted meniscus shearing of dibenzo-tetrathiafulvalene to coat-process self-organized crystalline organic semiconducting domains with high reproducibility. Including these coatings as the channel in OFETs, we observe electric field-and temperature-independent charge carrier mobility and no bias stress effects. Further, we measure record-high gain in OFET inverters and exceptional operational stability in both air and water.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Crystal‐Like Performance in Solution‐Coated Thin‐Film Organic Field‐Effect Transistors

Pozo

Fabiano

Pfattner

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

Self Cite

122

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“…When the typical volume of an organic molecule, 0.3 nm 3 , is used, 30,45,46 the three-dimensional number density of organic molecule N a is 3.3 × 10 21 cm −3 , and x is obtained to be in the order of 0.1 nm. Even when the carrier number is one hundredth of this value, namely corresponding to the actual carrier density at V G = 50 V, x is estimated to be 1 nm.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the lattice volume of these crystals, 30,45,46 the area of a TTF molecule (0.23 nm 2 for HMTTF and 0.29 nm 2 for DBTTF) afford the two-dimensional number density to be 4.3 × 10 14 /cm 2 for HMTTF and 3.5 × 10 14 /cm 2 for DBTTF. By multiplying q/C = 1.17 × 10 −11 V/cm 2 , these numbers give V G = 4000 V and 5000 V, respectively.…”

Section: B Trap Dosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing organic transistors based on interface approximation

Akiyama

Mori

2014

AIP Advances

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Temperature-dependent characteristics of organic transistors are analysed thoroughly using interface approximation. In contrast to amorphous silicon transistors, it is characteristic of organic transistors that the accumulation layer is concentrated on the first monolayer, and it is appropriate to consider interface charge rather than band bending. On the basis of this model, observed characteristics of hexamethylenetetrathiafulvalene (HMTTF) and dibenzotetrathiafulvalene (DBTTF) transistors with various surface treatments are analysed, and the trap distribution is extracted. In turn, starting from a simple exponential distribution, we can reproduce the temperature-dependent transistor characteristics as well as the gate voltage dependence of the activation energy, so we can investigate various aspects of organic transistors self-consistently under the interface approximation. Small deviation from such an ideal transistor operation is discussed assuming the presence of an energetically discrete trap level, which leads to a hump in the transfer characteristics. The contact resistance is estimated by measuring the transfer characteristics up to the linear region.

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“…However, using toluene as the solvent promoted the platelet/block-shaped β-phase, and IF-TTF single crystals were formed generally with length of tens micrometers and width of several micrometers (Fig. 2b), indicating the strong solvent effect on molecular aggregation [23] and further assembly for IF-TTF, which is very popular for TTF-derived molecules [31][32][33] and other organic systems [34][35][36]. Fortunately, by carefully controlling the slow solvent evaporation from their corresponding saturated chloroform or toluene solution for crystal growth, enough large ribbon (named as α-phase) and block (named as β-phase) single crystals of IF-TTF were successfully obtained separately for single crystal data analysis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tuning crystal polymorphs of a π-extended tetrathiafulvalene-based cruciform molecule towards high-performance organic field-effect transistors

Feng

Dong

et al. 2016

Sci. China Mater.

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It is a common phenomenon for organic semiconductors to crystallize in two or more polymorphs, leading to various molecular packings and different charge transport properties. Therefore, it is a crucial issue of tuning molecular crystal polymorphs (i.e., adjusting the same molecule with different packing arrangements in solid state) towards efficient charge transport and high performance devices. Here, the choice of solvent had a marked effect on controlling the growth of α-phase ribbon and β-phase platelet during crystallization for an indenofluorene (IF) π-extended tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-based cruciform molecule, named as IF-TTF. The charge carrier mobility of the α-phase IF-TTF crystals was more than one order of magnitude higher than that of β-phase crystals, suggesting the importance of reasonably tuning molecular packing in solid state for the improvement of charge transport in organic semiconductors.

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The four polymorphic modifications of the semiconductor dibenzo-tetrathiafulvalene

Cited by 65 publications

References 50 publications

Single Crystal‐Like Performance in Solution‐Coated Thin‐Film Organic Field‐Effect Transistors

Single Crystal‐Like Performance in Solution‐Coated Thin‐Film Organic Field‐Effect Transistors

Analysing organic transistors based on interface approximation

Tuning crystal polymorphs of a π-extended tetrathiafulvalene-based cruciform molecule towards high-performance organic field-effect transistors

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