The fossil insects of North America, with notes on some European species

Scudder, Samuel H.

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.39749

Cited by 19 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Both Cercopidae and Aphrophoridae were quite differentiated and widespread in the Palaeogene. The oldest Clastopteridae is Clastoptera comstocki Scudder, 1890 from the Upper Eocene Florissant Beds, Colorado, USA (Scudder 1890). The small family, Epipygidae, is present among the Eocene Baltic amber inclusions; however, its familial status has been challenged by molecular data (Cryan and Svenson 2010; Cryan and Urban 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Jurassic Cercopoidea from China and their evolutionary significance (Insecta: Hemiptera)

2012

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A new family, Sinoalidae Wang and Szwedo fam. nov., is described from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou Biota (Inner Mongolia, China). Two new genera with three new species (Sinoala parallelivena Wang and Szwedo gen. et sp. nov., Jiania crebra Wang and Szwedo gen. et sp. nov., and Jiania gracila Wang and Szwedo sp. nov.) are erected based on well‐preserved whole‐bodied specimens. The morphological characters of Procercopidae and the new family are given, and a key to the species of Sinoalidae is presented. The genera Luanpingia Hong, 1983 and Huabeicercopis Hong, 1983 are revised and attributed to Sinoalidae. The genera Mesocercopis Hong, 1983 and Sinotettegarcta Hong, 1986 are considered junior synonyms of Anthoscytina Hong, 1983. Taxa assigned to Sinoalidae fam. nov. cannot be attributed to any previously known family, but share some general (plesiomorphic) characters with ancient Clypeata, for example, postclypeus distinctly swollen, transversely wrinkled, antenna with a flagellum of a few elongate segments, frons with median ocellus and lateral ocelli on crown. Moreover, the new family is closely related to Procercopidae (Cercopoidea) based on a pronotum with a median incision at the hind margin; tegmen slender, partly punctuate, basal portion of Sc not exceeding apex of basal cell, and hind legs with lateral spines. It has a mixture of ancestral characters shared with Hylicelloidea and Jurassic Procercopidae and some derived characters. Therefore, it is tentatively placed in Cercopoidea. A preliminary phylogram of Clypeata is presented based on the combination of fossil and morphological data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Jurassic Cercopoidea from China and their evolutionary significance (Insecta: Hemiptera)

2012

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“…The genus Oligaeschna comprises seven described species from Oligocene and Miocene Eurasian and North American deposits. n., and two rows of cells between MA and RP3/4 from the level of base of Rspl and posterior wing margin, as in O. lapidaria (Cockerell & Counts in Cockerell 1913) from the Late Eocene of Florissant (Colorado, USA) (Cockerell 1913 (Martynov 1929) from the Paleocene to Oligocene of Ashutas mount (East Kazakhstan), differ from O. wedmanni in the presence of five cross-veins between RA and RP1 below pterostigma (Scudder 1890;Martynov 1929;fig. n., and two rows of cells between MA and RP3/4 from the level of base of Rspl and posterior wing margin, as in O. lapidaria (Cockerell & Counts in Cockerell 1913) from the Late Eocene of Florissant (Colorado, USA) (Cockerell 1913 (Martynov 1929) from the Paleocene to Oligocene of Ashutas mount (East Kazakhstan), differ from O. wedmanni in the presence of five cross-veins between RA and RP1 below pterostigma (Scudder 1890;Martynov 1929;fig.…”

Section: Systematic Palaeontologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Dragonflies and damselflies (Insecta: Odonata) from the Late Eocene of the Isle of Wight

Nel

Fleck²

2013

Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Socie

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The odonatan fauna of the Late Eocene of the Isle of Wight is revised. The following taxa are revised or described: the gomphaeschnids Oligoaeschna? anglica Cockerell & Andrews, 1916 and Anglogomphaeschna eocenica gen. et sp. nov.; the aeshnids ‘Oplonaeschna’ vectensis Cockerell & Andrews, 1916, Aeschnophlebia andreasi Nel et al., 2005, Oligaeschna wedmanni sp. nov., and a ‘Gynacanthinae’ species; Neophya legrandi sp. nov., first fossil representative of the Cordulephyidae; three undescribed ‘Corduliidae’; Eomacrodiplax incompleta gen. et sp. nov., first fossil representative of the Urothemistidae; the second representative of the Palaeogene family Bolcathoridae; a Thaumatoneuridae Dysagrionini species A; the megapodagrionid Oligoargiolestes oligocenum Kennedy, 1925; the two hypolestids Anglohypolestes fasciata gen. et sp. nov. and Eohypolestes hooleyi gen. et sp. nov.; the coenagrionid ‘Enallagma' oligocena Cockerell & Andrews, 1916, and three other undescribed species; Angloprotoneura emilielacroixi gen. et sp. nov., first fossil European representative of the damselfly family Protoneuridae; and the lestid Lestes aff. regina Théobald, 1937. This fauna has strong similarities with the Recent Afrotropical and Indo-Malayan Odonata, suggesting a warm palaeoclimate for the Late Eocene of the Isle of Wight. ‘Megalestes’ anglicus Cockerell, 1915 is a Zygoptera Lestiformia or Coenagrionomorpha of uncertain affinities.

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“…Two Mesozoic species described by Giebel (1856) were excluded from Helophorus by Handlirsch (1908), which is confirmed by re‐examining their types (Fikáček et al , 2012). The remaining fossils are much younger: two extinct and one extant species were described from the Miocene deposits of the Öhningen, Germany (Heer, 1862), two extinct species from the Pliocene deposits in Alaska (Matthews, 1976), and a series of species from various Pleistocene deposits in Europe and North America (Scudder, 1890; Łomnicki, 1894; d’Orchymont, 1927). All European Pleistocene species were found to represent extant living species by Angus (1970, 1973) (see also Abellán et al , 2010), and the re‐examination of the species described by Heer (1862) showed that they do not belong to the Hydrophiloidea at all (M. Fikáček and H. Schmied, in preparation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny and the fossil record of the Helophoridae reveal Jurassic origin of extant hydrophiloid lineages (Coleoptera: Polyphaga)

Fikáček

Прокин

Angus

et al. 2012

Systematic Entomology

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We performed a phylogenetic analysis focused on the hydrophiloid family Helophoridae (Coleoptera: Polyphaga) in order to test the phylogenetic position of selected Mesozoic fossils assigned to the Hydrophiloidea. The analysis is based on 92 characters of larvae and adults, and includes all extant subgenera of Helophorus and representatives of all other extant hydrophiloid families. Based on this analysis, we provide additional evidence for the monophyly of the helophorid lineage containing the families Helophoridae, Georissidae and Epimetopidae, as well as the first hypothesis on the phylogenetic relationships within Helophorus, revealing three main clades: Lihelophorus, Rhopalohelophorus and the clade of sculptured small subgenera; the subgenera Helophorus s.str., Gephelophorus, Trichohelophorus and Transithelophorus are recognized as paraphyletic or polyphyletic. Inclusion of fossil species in the analysis reveals the Mesozoic genera Hydrophilopsia Ponomarenko, Laetopsia Fikáček et al. (adult forms) and Cretotaenia Ponomarenko (larval form) as basal extinct clades of the helophorid lineage, the former genus Mesosperchus Ponomarenko as containing probable stem taxa of Helophorus and the former genus Mesohelophorus Ponomarenko as a member of the Helophorus clade containing extant sculptured subgenera. The extant subgenus Thaumhelophorussyn.nov. is synonymized with Rhopalohelophorus. Our results show that the family Helophoridae may be dated back to the late Jurassic (c. 150 Ma) and the extant clades of Helophorus back to the Early Cretaceous (c. 136 Ma). The basal groups of Helophorus and the supposed basal extinct lineages of the helophorid lineages are shown to be aquatic as adults. A single origin of trichobothria and ventral hydrophobic pubescence in the common ancestor of the Hydrophiloidea is hypothesized, indicating ancestral aquatic habits in the adult stage for the whole Hydrophiloidea.

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The fossil insects of North America, with notes on some European species

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

New Jurassic Cercopoidea from China and their evolutionary significance (Insecta: Hemiptera)

New Jurassic Cercopoidea from China and their evolutionary significance (Insecta: Hemiptera)

Dragonflies and damselflies (Insecta: Odonata) from the Late Eocene of the Isle of Wight

Phylogeny and the fossil record of the Helophoridae reveal Jurassic origin of extant hydrophiloid lineages (Coleoptera: Polyphaga)

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