The formation of the Sichuan Basin, South China, during the Late Ediacaran to Early Cambrian

Abstract

The Upper Ediacaran to Lower Cambrian of the Sichuan Basin in South China has long been considered to be dominated by shallow-water deposition. Hydrocarbon exploration, however, has revealed that a NW-SE trending intraplatform trough formed in the basin during the same period. Although different models have been proposed, the formation and evolution of the trough are still not fully understood. In this study, we investigate both the origin of the intraplatform trough and the formation of the Sichuan Basin by integrating seismic interpretation, well correlation and tectonic subsidence analysis. The seismic and well data clearly show three stages of development of the trough. The first stage, in the early Late Ediacaran, is characterized by considerable thinning of the lower two members of the Upper Ediacaran from the platform margins to the trough. In the second stage, in the late Late Ediacaran, the platform margins backstepped and the extent of the trough expanded significantly to a width of ca. ~400 km. The third stage, in the early Early Cambrian, was dominated by gradual filling of the trough and onlapping of the platform margins.Backstripped tectonic subsidence curves show one, or two closely spaced episodes of linear subsidence starting at ~550 Ma and then decreasing exponentially until ~450 Ma. The shape of the subsidence curves is consistent with formation of the Sichuan Basin by low, and slow amounts of lithospheric stretching of thickened cratonic lithosphere. The tectonic subsidence increases from the centre to the NW of the basin. Interestingly the margins of the trough do not correlate with contoured values of increased tectonic subsidence and we infer that the trough was a palaeogeographic embayment in a large carbonate platform that developed in a broad, ramp-like area of slow and low subsidence tilting down to the proto-Tethyan ocean located to the NW of the basin.

Thermochemical State of the Upper Mantle Beneath South China From Multi‐Observable Probabilistic Inversion

“…10.1029/2020JB021114 2 of 24 Sichuan Basin located on the NW Yangtze Craton craton. The basement of the Sichuan Basin formed in Precambrian period and covered by thick sedimentary infill (4-10 km) that from late Neoproterozoic to Cenozoic in age (Gu et al, 2021).…”

Paleo-trade wind directions over the Yangtze Carbonate Platform during the Cambrian–Ordovician, Southern China

“…The platform margin shoal often shows a convex up shape in the vertical plane because of its rapid growth (Figs. 1, 2; Zhao et al 2014;Zhao et al 2017;Gu et al 2021).…”

Sedimentary Facies, Paleogeography, and Depositional Models of the Middle–Late Permian in the Sichuan Basin, Southwest China

“…The rock type serves as a crucial lithofacies indicator in distinguishing different sedimentary environments [5,14]. Certain distinctive rock types can provide insights into the water energy conditions, hydrochemical environments, and climatic characteristics during rock deposition, thereby indicating specific sedimentary facies types.…”

“…Platform shoals, including the Changxing Formation, Feixianguan Formation, and Jialingjiang Formation, are also under exploration [10,11]. Additionally, exploration efforts extend to the Middle Permian shoals, encompassing the platform margins and gently sloping shoals of the Qixia Formation in the western and northwest regions of Sichuan [11][12][13][14][15][16]. It is noteworthy that the distribution of strata and reservoirs is largely governed by the sedimentary facies [2,6,[12][13][14][15][16][17].…”