The Formation of the Polyploid Hybrids From Different Subfamily Fish Crossings and Its Evolutionary Significance

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In this study, we conducted a cross of white crucian carp (♀)×red crucian carp (♂) (WR), and characterized the morphology, reproduction and genetics of the progeny. Different from parents, WR with the gray color showed the hybrid morphological traits of both parents. WR possessed normal gonads producing mature eggs or sperm, and exhibited high fertilization rate (90.2%) and high hatchery rate (80.5%), which contributed to produce and enlarge the population. WR with the same DNA content as parents was a diploid fish with 100 chromosomes (2n=100). Amplified ITS of 45S rDNA, in WR the sequences consisting of 884 bp bases of the entire ITS-1 region, 5.8 S region, and entire ITS-2 region. The sequences showed high similarity between WR and its parents and leaned towards male inheritance. In WR, NTS of 5S rDNA consisted of three length types with total 654 bp bases. From sequence analysis of NTS, WR shared 94.2% and 95.1% similarities with their female and male parent, respectively. Sequence analysis of ITS and NTS revealed that there existed recombination and variation in the hybrid progeny, which was the genetic base for adaptation and speciation. In conclusion, we obtained WR from hybridization and it exhibited hybrid traits in morphology and variation in genetic composition showing essential difference with its parents. The obtainment of WR has important significance in fish genetic breeding.white crucian carp, red crucian carp, hybridization, genomic variation Citation:

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic variation in the hybrids of white crucian carp and red crucian carp: evidence from ribosomal DNA

Wang

Xiao

Zeng

et al. 2015

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“…Using red carp as a female parent and Megalobrama amblycephala as a male parent, we carried out a hybridization experiment [67,133]. We obtained fertile allotetraploid and infertile triploid F 1 hybrids.…”

Section: Polyploid Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and application of biological technologies in fish genetic breeding

Duan

Xiao

et al. 2015

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Fish genetic breeding is a process that remolds heritable traits to obtain neotype and improved varieties. For the purpose of genetic improvement, researchers can select for desirable genetic traits, integrate a suite of traits from different donors, or alter the innate genetic traits of a species. These improved varieties have, in many cases, facilitated the development of the aquaculture industry by lowering costs and increasing both quality and yield. In this review, we present the pertinent literatures and summarize the biological bases and application of selection breeding technologies (containing traditional selective breeding, molecular marker-assisted breeding, genome-wide selective breeding and breeding by controlling single-sex groups), integration breeding technologies (containing cross breeding, nuclear transplantation, germline stem cells and germ cells transplantation, artificial gynogenesis, artificial androgenesis and polyploid breeding) and modification breeding technologies (represented by transgenic breeding) in fish genetic breeding. Additionally, we discuss the progress our laboratory has made in the field of chromosomal ploidy breeding of fish, including distant hybridization, gynogenesis, and androgenesis. Finally, we systematically summarize the research status and known problems associated with each technology. fish genetic breeding, genetic improvement, biological method, traits, new variety Citation:

“…In our laboratory, Carassius auratus red var. (♀)×Megalobrama amblycephala (♂) (RB) [35] as well as Megalobrama amblycephala (♀)×Xenocypris davidi (♂) formed distant hybrid lineages [36], and genetic variation characteristic of autotetraploid fish lineages was observed in Carassius auratus red var. (♀)×Megalobrama amblycephala (♂) hybrids.…”

Section: Hybridization Between Subfamiliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our laboratory has established a long-term 4nAT lineage (F 3 -F 23 , 4n=200) [1,41,42] and 4nRB lineage (F 2 -F 8 , 4n=200) [35]. The formation of these two different types of lineages represents two important methods for tetraploid fish production.…”

Section: Phenotypic and Genotypic Variation Of 4nat Lineagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research advances in animal distant hybridization

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2014

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Distant hybridization refers to crosses between two different species or higher-ranking taxa that enables interspecific genome transfer and leads to changes in phenotypes and genotypes of the resulting progeny. If progeny derived from distant hybridization are bisexual and fertile, they can form a hybrid lineage through self-mating, with major implications for evolutionary biology, genetics, and breeding. Here, we review and summarize the published literature, and present our results on fish distant hybridization. Relevant problems involving distant hybridization between orders, families, subfamilies, genera, and species of animals are introduced and discussed, with an additional focus on fish distant hybrid lineages, genetic variation, patterns, and applications. Our review serves as a useful reference for evolutionary biology research and animal genetic breeding.