The form of the free surface of hydrogen isotopes in the spherical shell

Abstract

Abstract. Initial study of hydrogen isotopes distribution on inner surface of a hollow spherical shell under cryogenic conditions is given. Comparison of theoretical and experimental surfaces of ice layers of various hydrogen isotopes is performed.Laser confinement fusion experiments needs a cryogenic target representing a polymeric spherical shell with deuterium-tritium (D-T) fuel frozen on its inner surface in the form of the homogeneous cryogenic layer.The basic problem in cryogenic targets production technology is producing of smooth thermonuclear solid fuel layer of the given thickness in the shell. The three-dimensional problem of D-T fuel cryogenic layer formation in the spherical container has been formulated in order to solve the problem.The problem represents a complex of equations of heat conduction of five-layer medium together with an equation of gas dynamics and an equation of state for a gas phase in an inner part. An outer part is the spherical container with the spherical shell of polystyrene or beryllium in the center. Helium functions as heat exchange gas between them. Solid layer of D-T mixture with the nonuniformity of thickness is located on an inner surface of the shell. In the central part there is gaseous phase of hydrogen isotopes. The outer surface of the container is exposed to nonuniform thermal radiation. The exchange gas is considered to be fixed and the gas pressure is 0.1 to 10 Torr. Diameter of the container is 5-10 mm, diameter of the shell is 1.5-3 mm.