The Form and Causes of Slope Failures in an Area of West Singapore Island

Pitts, John

doi:10.1111/j.1467-9493.1983.tb00140.x

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…La mayoría de las ocurrencias de deslizamientos de tierra están asociadas con el tipo de suelo residual y las capas freáticas profundas (Huat et al, 2006). En general se ha reconocido que la mayoría de los deslizamientos en suelos residuales no saturados se inducen por infiltración de agua lluvia ( (Sweeney & Robertson, 1979), (Chipp et al, 1982), (Pitts, 1983), (Pitts, 1984), (Pitts & Cy, 1987), (Brand et al, 1983), (Brand, 1984), (Tan et al, 1987), (Johnson & Sitar, 1990), (Lim et al, 1996), (Ng & Shi, 1998), (Aristizábal Giraldo et al, 2016a) (Fredlund et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Soil–Water Characteristic Curve Variability

Zapata¹,

Houston

Houston³

et al. 2000

Advances in Unsaturated Geotechnics

128

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Effect of wetting-drying cycles on a residual amphibolite soil's suction from western Medellin in a natural and compacted stateSlope stability is affected by a variety of physical and chemical phenomena, climate is one of the most relevant factors in this regard. In tropical areas there are great meteorological variations throughout the year, and surface soils are the most susceptible to changes in humidity and temperature that affect their behavior and resistance.To evaluate the influence of these variations, several moistening and drying cycles were developed for the soil of a road slope located west of the Aburra Valley. Laboratory tests were initially performed on undisturbed and compacted samples and subsequently on samples subjected to drip wetting and oven drying at 30 ° C. The physical and chemical characterization of the soil is initially carried out and the suction curve is measured by the filter paper method, the permeability and the resistance parameters for each wetting and drying cycle. The results showed that the soil suction gradually decreases with the number of wetting and drying cycles for both samples, more noticeable in the natural than in the compacted sample since the latter has a structure with smaller pores and the variations are perceived in less.The results of the research include a slope stability analysis that includes the hydraulic and resistance properties of both samples, obtaining a decrease in the safety factor after the wetting and drying cycles, compared to the initial sample, both for the natural and compacted sample.With the results, a step forward is taken in the study of mass movements triggered by rain since through the experimental methodology by which the moistening cycles are recreated from field data such as humidity, temperature and precipitation, it is can anticipate variation in parameters that influence slope stability.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Soil–Water Characteristic Curve Variability

Zapata¹,

Houston

Houston³

et al. 2000

Advances in Unsaturated Geotechnics

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, other storms of more than 80 mm on 15 November 1993 and 4 February 1995 did not produce any landslide. When the antecedent rainfall conditions leading to these events were studied, it supported earlier studies done by Chatterjea (1989a), Pitts (1983Pitts ( , 1985, and Toll et al (1999) establishing that rainfall has been the dominant triggering event. Although Brand (1984) working on slope failures in Hong Kong thought antecedent rainfall was not a significant factor, Tan et al (1987) re-examined Pitts's (1985) conclusion, and this was confirmed by Chatterjea's (1989a) observation that antecedent rainfall during the preceding 5 days before a slope failure has a significant influence on the stability of the slopes in Singapore.…”

Section: Role Of Antecedent Rainfallmentioning

confidence: 58%

Severe wet spells and vulnerability of urban slopes: case of Singapore

Chatterjea

2009

Nat Hazards

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Tropical areas like Singapore characteristically receive heavy and prolonged periods of rainfall. During these wet spells, many of the urban engineered slopes become susceptible to landslides, causing much damage to property and causing disruption to urban life. Studies on relationships of wet periods and landslides events reveal that while the weathered materials on urban engineered slopes tend to fail regularly in response to discrete, heavy rainstorm events, they are also closely associated with long periods of antecedent rainfall conditions which often help to reduce the threshold value of discrete rainfall events. Past records of slope failures and recent episodes of failures in Singapore are examined to re-assess this relationship. Study found that there is indeed a close association between the two aspects of any rain event and co-occurrence of the two lead to widespread slope failures.

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“…Many studies, including Weeney and Robertson [13], Chipp et al [14], Pitts [15,16], Brand et al [17], Tan et al [18], Pradel and Raad [19] verified that rainfall infiltration causes adverse impact on the slope. The infiltration of rainfall can reduce the effective stress and shear strength of soil.…”

Section: Literature Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slope Cracks in the Safety Assessment of the Rainfall Period

Chang

Lin

Huang

2013

AMM

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Unsaturated cracked slopes are easily to be affected by rainfall in the soil. Actually, some of the rainfall becomes the surface runoff and the rest permeates the crack under the ground in water cycle system. The infiltration makes the groundwater level rise. It also increases the pore water pressure and slide stress of the soil and decreases the anti-shear strength of soil. That makes the slope fracture or deform. However, most of the slope stability analyses set the physical properties of the soil as constant values but neglect the influence of the crack and infiltration. Those analyses underestimate the influence of the crack and the change of water content to the anti-shear strength of the soil. Therefore, it was unable to predict the possible damage time point by these evaluation results. The knowledge and methodology of the rainfall combine infiltration and slope stability analysis in this research. Simulations of the moisture content of the soil and the groundwater level are performed by FEMWATER numerical model. The simulating conditions are based on the different cracked positions and rainfall durations. The data of moisture content changes of the soil will be transformed into the parameters of safety factors fitted by STEDWIN numerical model. The influence of the slope stability with different cracked positions was gained from the simulations.

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The Form and Causes of Slope Failures in an Area of West Singapore Island

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Soil–Water Characteristic Curve Variability

Soil–Water Characteristic Curve Variability

Severe wet spells and vulnerability of urban slopes: case of Singapore

Slope Cracks in the Safety Assessment of the Rainfall Period

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