The importance of studying business cycles is determined by the scale of their
impact on the economy and society, which leads to the need to develop methods to
counteract their negative impact. Given the complexity of the topic and the many
theories and debates in the field, there is a need for a simple tool to present business
cycle information in an intuitive way for a wide audience. Such a tool is a business
cycle tracer. This article is devoted to testing the possibility of using three
approaches for its construction: the first (trend approach) is based on information
whether the cycle is above or below the long-term trend, and whether it is increasing or
decreasing; the second (growth rate approach) is whether the growth rates are above
zero, and they are growing or decreasing compared to the neighboring time period; the
third (fact-expectation approach) is whether estimates of the current situation and
expectations are above or below zero (trend, long–term average, etc.). The work used
data on the dynamics of output, the volume of future orders and the results of surveys
of the manufacturing industry. The article shows that the first approach works best and
allows you to clearly define the phases and turning points of the business cycle. The
second approach makes it possible to identify phases of the business cycle, but has some
disadvantages: jumps in the series from one quadrant to another and back near the
boundary values occur, which complicates the analysis. The third approach is not
acceptable for constructing a tracer, since it does not allow us to fully identify all
phases of the business cycle and may have dynamics that do not correspond to the general
logic of business cycles. The article also demonstrates the high relationship between
the business cycles of the manufacturing industry and the business climate indicator of
the Bank of Russia (data from business surveys of enterprises), indicating a change in
the dynamics of the business cycle with 1-3 months ahead of statistics. Given the faster
publication of survey results than statistical data, it can be used as a leading
indicator.