The foraging behavior of Diaeretiella rapae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Diuraphis noxia (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Abstract

Host stage preference, functional response and mutual interference of Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) on Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) were investigated under defined laboratory conditions (20±1°C; 60±5% relative humidity; 16 h light/8 h dark photoperiod). Nicholson’s model and linear regression were used to determine per capita search-efficiency and the interference coefficient, respectively. There was a significant difference between the rates of parasitism on different stages of D. noxia. The highest parasitism percentage was observed on the third instar nymphs of D. noxia in both choice and no-choice preference tests. Results of logistic regression revealed a type II functional response. The estimated values of search-efficiency (a) and handling time (Th) were 0.072 h-1 and 0.723 h, respectively. The maximum attack rate was calculated to be 33.22. The per capita search-efficiency decreased from 0.011 to 0.004 (h-1) as parasitoid densities increased from 1 to 8. Therefore, different host-parasitoid ratios can affect the efficacy of D. rapae

Temperature dependent functional response of Diaeretiella rapae (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) to the cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

“…Compared with the parasitization of other aphid species by D. rapae, such as D. noxia, M. persicae and Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), the parasitization of cabbage aphids in the present study was slightly higher than that recorded for D. noxia (Tazerouni et al, 2012) and lower than for the other two species (Blande et al, 2004). The highest number of aphids parasitized by D. rapae in the present study was 15.8 ± 1.17 at the density of 50 at 25°C (Table 1), which is slightly lower than recorded by Fathipour et al (2006) (17.3 ± 0.87) for the same host-parasitoid system at a similar temperature and host density.…”

“…A type II functional response of D. rapae is reported for the cabbage aphid (Fathipour et al, 2006), Russian wheat aphid (Bernal et al, 1994;Tazerouni et al, 2011Tazerouni et al, , 2012 and green peach aphid (Yu et al, 1993). The rate at which this parasitoid attacks cabbage and green peach aphids is estimated to be 0.033 h -¹ (Fathipour et al, 2006) and 0.031 h -¹ (Yu et al, 1993), respectively, which is in accordance with our results, whereas the rate at which it attacks the Russian wheat aphid is higher (0.056 h -¹ (Bernal et al, 1994) and 0.072 h -¹ (Tazerouni et al, 2011), respectively).…”

“…Different factors may influence their functional responses, including host plant surface traits (Coll & Ridgway, 1995;Messina & Hanks, 1998;Madadi et al, 2007), host species (Mansfield & Mills, 2004), natural enemy life stages (Seko & Miura, 2008), host age (King, 1994;Ode & Strand, 1995) and spatial complexity (Madadi et al, 2011). However, the functional response of poikilothermic organisms like parasitoids, are greatly affected by temperature (Cave & Gaylor, 1989;Flinn, 1991;Enkegaard, 1994;Bazzocchi & Burgio, 2001;Jones et al, 2003;Kalyebi et al, 2005;Shojaei et al, 2006;Moezipour et al, 2008;Tazerouni et al, 2012).…”

Relación del número de individuos de Brevicoryne brassicae con la temperatura y con su parasitoide Diaretiella rapae en brócoli en el Bajío, México

“…The host plant influences this wasp seis son los huéspedes más comunes (Basheer et al, 2014). La planta hospedera influye en el parasitismo de este himenóptero, cuando B. brassicae se alimenta de col el parasitismo es de 40.2%, mientras que en nabo es de 32.6% (Ölmez et al, 2007), por su parte Tazerouni et al (2012) determinaron que D. rapae parasita alrededor de 37 ninfas de D. noxia en 24 h a 25 °C, por lo que la consideran una buena opción para hacer liberaciones aumentativas. Los compuestos volátiles de las crucíferas atraen tanto a B. brassicae como a D. rapae, este último responde a la mielecilla segregada por el pulgón para localizarlo más fácilmente (Duchovskienė y Raudonis, 2008).…”

“…parasitism, when B. brassicae Cabbage feeds parasitism is 40.2%, while turnip is 32.6% (Ölmez et al, 2007), for its part Tazerouni et al (2012) found that D. rapae parasitize about 37 nymphs of D. noxia in 24 h at 25 °C, so consider it a good choice for augmentative releases. Volatile compounds in cruciferous attract both B. brassicae and D. rapae as the latter responds to the honeydew secreted by aphids to locate more easily (Duchovskienė and Raudonis, 2008).…”